Attachment - Role of the father Flashcards

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1
Q

Schaffer & Emerson’s study (regarding fathers)

A
  • 3% fathers were first attachment
  • 27% father was joint first attachment
    Follow-up 18 months later:
  • 13% had formed single attachment
  • 31% had formed 5+ attachments
  • 1/3 infants had first attachment with father
  • 75% formed an attachment with their father by age 18 months (determined by babies protesting when he walked away)
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2
Q

Distinctive role fathers play in attachment

A

Playmate > Caregiver
- Geiger: more exciting
- Less sensible parents & more tough love

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3
Q

Supporting research in distinctive role

A

Grossman et al -> longitudinal study -> quality of attachment being more/less important depending on age & lifestyle -> quality of fathers play was important for adolescent attachments

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4
Q

Impact of lack of fatherly attachment

A

Do less well in school & have higher levels of risk-taking/aggression (fathers prevent negative developmental outcome) - Grossmann et al

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5
Q

Factors which influence father-infant attachment: Degree of sensitivity

A

Lucassen et al - main caregiver fathers develop higher levels of sensitivity -> greater attachment security

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6
Q

Factors which influence father-infant attachment: Supportive co-parent

A

Field - filmed 4 month old infants with caregiver -> attachments were related to level of responsiveness rather than gender (demonstrated interactional synchrony & reciprocity)

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7
Q

Research against fathers as attachment figures

A

Hrdy - found fathers were less able to detect low level stress in infants -> less suitable

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8
Q

Strength of role of the father

A

Useful (practical applications -> research offers reassuring advice to parents that want to go against stereotypical household & understanding same-sex parents won’t impact development of child -> reduces pressure)

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9
Q

Limitations of role of the father

A

Doesn’t explain everything (MacCallum & Golombok found single & same-sex families do not develop differently -> research struggles to explain why they do not develop differently -> secondary attachment is not important)

Inconsistent findings (some interested in role of fathers as secondary attachment & some as primary caregivers -> former showed different behaviour & latter showed maternal role -> cannot answer simple question as they focus on different aspects)

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