attachment Flashcards
who did the longitudinal study on 60 babies in working Glasgow families lasting 18 months
schaffer and Emerson
what did emerson and schaffer find
attachment was first formed with the primary care-giver usually mother
name the 4 attachment stages
Asocial
indiscriminate
specific
multiple attachment
What’s the definition of caregiver infant interaction
An emotional bond between two people
It endures over time leading to certain behaviours such as clinging
What’s reciprocity
A CII
A mutual action where they turn take
And interact
What’s intersectional synchrony
Where a mother and baby reflect actions in a coordinated way. They carry out the action simultaneously
What did Harlow do in 1959
Two wire mothers each w a diff head, one w cloth and the other one metal with milk
He had 16 rhesus monkeys reared and found that the cloth mother was preferred
He concluded that contact comfort>food for attachment in monkeys
Ethical issues w harlows research
Psychological harm
Can harlows study be generalised
Yes because monkeys bond like us
Strengths of animal studies
Harlows study helps advise parents on how to mother their children, improving bonds
4 stages of attachment
asocial indiscriminate specific and multiple
who did the strange situation
mary ainsworth
what were teh 3 types of attachment aisnworth diagnosed kids with
secure attached
insecure resistant
insecure avoidant
what did van izjendoorn and kroenenberg do
a META analysis on the 32 studies in 8 countries to find patterns on attachment types after the strange situation has been assessed
t was bowlbys theory of maternal derpivation
the theory that witout an early attachment the infant will suffer from PIES-low IQ dwarfism
what type of observation is the strange situation
controlled
whats the strange situation act
child and caregiver in an empty room
stranger enters, greets both and tries to play w kid
caregiver leaves
caregiver reenters and comforts child
this is repeated and the stranger will finally leave
what was the 4th attachment type proposed by main and soloman after analysing 200 strange situation vids
disorganised
shown by lack of consistent patterns in behaviour
what does meta analysis mean
previous research is collected and compared to look for trends
what are the 2 types of cultures
collectivist- emphasis on group efforts such as china
individualist-emphasis on individual efforts such as uk
what are the trends in individualistic cultures
there are more avoidant kids due to less pcgs usually just parents
what are the trends in individualistic cultures
there are more avoidant kids due to less cgs usually just parents
what trends r found in collectivist cultures
there are more resistant kids because the amount of cgs are much higher due to emphasis on group efforts
what did zeanah assess
95 kids aged 1-2 who spent most of the time in institutional care compared to 50 in a control group that had no time in institutuions using the strange situation
what did zeanah find in the 95 kids
74% of the control group were securely attached
19% of the 95 institutionalised were securely attached
how can bowlbys critical period be backed up by the goldfarb research
he compared kids who spent first 3 years in institutions w a control group of fostered kids younger than 3 years and found that the control group had higher IQs, supports the long term consequences
