Approaches Flashcards
whats introspection?
looking into and describing the cognitive rpocess
explain the cognitive approach
The human mind can be scientifically explored
the goal is to learn about mental processes
Pros and cons of cognitive approach
uses the experimental method, so studies are scientifically credible
criticised for being mechanistic and too simplistic, humans have free will and behaviour.
biological approach pros and cons
uses scientific method so its credible due to controlled research
advances as a medical science, allowing peoples lives to be improved
seen as too simplistic as they dont take into account environment, eg lack of concordance rate, environment must play a role.
behaviourist approach pros and cons
stimulus with a fear, token systems for behaviour in prison, improving behaviour
it believes we have no choice or free will
we have no control over behaviour
generalises animal findings within humans
SLT pros and cons
Real life examples, bandura experiment
kids watch tv with violence
underestimation of biological factors, doesnt take hormones into accoutn that may affect aggression such as test.thus changing results
Name 4 Abnormality definitions
Statistical infrequency
Deviation from social norms
failure to function adequately
Deviation from ideal mental health
Name and explain 2 biological explanations for OCD
Genetics:
Concordance rates
Twin studies
68% MZ
31%DZ
21%siblings
Neural:
Brain structure
OFC-higher activity in OCD positive
Neurotransmitters:
Serotonin reduced in OCD patients
Dopamine abnormally high
What’s generalisation
The tendency to respond to different stimuli in a similar fashion
What’s becks cognitive triad
Where depression occurs through 3 illogical thought processes
Negative views about:
The world
The future
Oneself
What’s Ellis’s abc model
A activating B beliefs C consequences
Helps to show how negative and irrational thoughts are achieved
What does the boury er al study in 2001 show
That patients w depression are more likely to misinterpret info negatively
What’s classical conditioning
Learning through repetition
UCS—- UCR
UCS+NS—-CR
CS—-CR
Give one method used in therapy of depression
Fear hierarchy
Lists of the fear from least to most fearful
What’s serotonin
A hormone that controls mood
What’s the gene COMT
A gene that regulates dopamine
What’s the SERT gene
A gene that controls serotonin
What experiment did Watson and rayner do
The little Albert experiment
What happened in the little Albert experiment
Albert was shown a rat and played with it
Then a loud noise was present when Albert was given the rat
Eventually he was scared to see the rat just because of the conditioned reaction to the loud noise
What is the little Albert experiment an example of
Classical conditioning
What’s SLT
The theory that you learn through watching others
What’s an SSRI
Antidepressants that promote the reabsorption of serotonin
What’s systematic desensitisation
The progressive intensity of the provoking stimuli, reducing the phobia
What’s flooding
Where a patient is very suddenly pushed into a severe situation with the phobic stimulus such as being put in a room with spiders
What’s a phobia
An irrational fear to something
What model did beck create
ABC model
What’s the orbifrontal cortex
An area in the brain where mood is controlled
what did wundt mean by introspection
looking into and describing cognitive rpocesses
what book wundt publish to aid psychology as a science
principles of physiological psychology
