ATP Flashcards
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
Single atp molecule is a nucleotide derivative and is formed from a molecule of ribose, adenine and 3 phosphate groups
Acts as an intermediate or immediate energy source - the molecule is adapted for this function
Ribose
Pentose sugar
Adenine
Nitrogenous base
How is atp different to dna nucleotide
DNA - deoxyribose, 1 phosphate, atcg
ATP - ribose, 3 phosphate, Adenine
How is atp different to rna nucleotide
RNA - 1 phosphate, AUCG
ATP - 3 phosphates, A
Nucleotide derivative
Has a similar structure to a nucleotide
Pi
Inorganic phosphate
Hydrolysis of ATP
ATP > ADP + Pi
Examples of energy requiring reactions
Active transport, co-transport, mitosis/meiosis
Phosphorylate example
Glycolysis
Condensation of ATP
ADP + Pi > ATP
Balanced equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 > 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Net producer of atp
Anaerobic respiration
C6H12O6 > 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP
Glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
Both produce 2 ATP
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O > C6H12O6 + 6O2
First part, LDR makes 2 ATP, 2nd part LIR uses 2 ATP
So not net consumer or producer of ATP
Parts of cell associated ATP production associated with
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm
Advantages of atp
Made and synthesised in single reaction
Cycle so it can be resynthesizesd if needed
Releases a small, manageable amount of energy
Relatively small molecule, so it can diffuse within cells
Phosphorylates, making phosphorylated substances more reactive/ lowers activation energy
Disadvantage of atp
Cannot be stored so it has to be synthesised near to where it is used
