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physical science > atoms in the periodic table- Chelsea > Flashcards

atoms in the periodic table- Chelsea Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a proton?

A

A particle in the nucleus with a positive charge

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1
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

The center and most important part of an atom

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2
Q

What is a neutron?

A

Atomic particle in the nucleus without an electric charge

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3
Q

What is an electron?

A

Found in the electron cloud with a negative charge.

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4
Q

What is an orbital?

A

Area on a atom where you are likely to find electrons

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5
Q

What is valence electron?

A

Electron found in the outer most shell that determines the atoms chemical properties.

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6
Q

What is the period law?

A

Properties of an element change with the atomic numbers of the elements.

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7
Q

What is a period?

A

Horizontal row in the periodic table

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8
Q

What is a group?

A

Vertical columns in the periodic table

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9
Q

What is a metal?

A

Conducts electricity and heat and is shiny

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10
Q

What is a nonmetal?

A

Conducts heat and electricity poorly.

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11
Q

What is a semiconductor?

A

Substance that can conduct electricity under some conditions

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12
Q

What is a alkali metal?

A

Very reactive metals in group 1 of periodic table

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13
Q

What is a alkaline- earth metal?

A

Reactive metals that form basic oxides and can react with water

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14
Q

What is a transition metal?

A

They mix with other elements to form coordination compounds

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15
Q

What are halogens?

A

Non metallic elements that form to make salt

16
Q

What is a noble gas?

A

Gases of the periodic table that were thought to not form with anything else

17
Q

What is a ion?

A

An atom or molecule with a charge

18
Q

What is atomic number?

A

The atomic number tells how many protons and electrons are in an element.

19
Q

What is atomic mass?

A

Tells how many neutrons are in an element. Subtract number from mass to find neutrons.

20
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Two or more forms of the same element that have same amount of protons but different number of neutrons

21
Q

What is atomic mass unit?

A

The average of the protons and neutrons rest mass. AMU

22
Q

What is average atomic mass?

A

Sum of the masses of the isotopes multiple by its natural abundance

23
Q

What is a mole?

A

The amount of pure substance containing the same as its chemical unit.

24
Q

What is Avogadro’s constant

A

The number of atoms or particles that are contained in the substance given by a mole.

25
Q

What is molar mass?

A

The mass of the element divided by the amount of the substance

26
Q

What is conversion factor?

A

A ratio that is derived from the equality of different units and can be used to convert one unit to another.

physical science (9 decks)

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