Atoms and Elements Flashcards

1
Q

What do atoms have?

A

Small nucleus surrounded by electrons.

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2
Q

What does the nucleus contain?

A

Protons and neutrons.

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3
Q

What charge do protons have?

A

Positive charge.

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4
Q

What charge do neutrons have?

A

No charge.

They’re neutral.

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5
Q

What charge does the nucleus?

A

Positive charge, because of the protons.

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6
Q

The size of the nucleus?

A

It is tiny compared to everything else in the atom.

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7
Q

What charge do electrons have?

A

Negative charge.

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8
Q

The size of the electrons?

A

They are tiny but cover a lot of space.

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9
Q

What do the electrons occupy?

A

Shells around the nucleus.

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10
Q

The shells explain what?

A

The whole of Chemistry.

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11
Q

Number of protons =

A

Number of electrons.

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12
Q

What charge do atoms have?

A

No charge overall.

Neutral.

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13
Q

The charge on the electrons is what?

A

The same size as the charge on the protons - but opposite.

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14
Q

What happens if some electrons are added or removed?

A

The atom becomes charged and is now an ion.

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15
Q

Elements only consist of what?

A

One type of atom only.

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16
Q

What decides what type of atom it is?

A

Number of protons in the nucleus.

17
Q

An atom with 1 proton in its nucleus is what?

A

Hydrogen.

18
Q

An atom with 2 protons in its nucleus is what?

A

Helium.

19
Q

If a substance only contains one type of atom, what is it called?

A

An element.

20
Q

How many elements are there?

A

About 100 different ones.