Alloy Flashcards
Pure ions tend to be what?
Too bendy.
What is ‘iron’ like straight from the blast furnace?
It is only 96%.
Other 4% is impurities - carbon.
What is the impure ion used as?
Cast iron.
What is cast iron handy for making?
Ornamental railings.
Not many other uses as its brittle.
So what happens to the blast furnace iron?
All the impurities are removed.
What is pure iron’s arrangement like?
Regular arrangement of identical atoms.
The regular arrangement of identical atoms allows what to happen?
Layers of atoms slide over each other, makes the iron soft and easily shaped.
This iron is far to bendy for most uses.
What is most iron converted into?
Steel - An alloy.
How are steels formed?
By adding small amounts of carbon and sometimes other metals to iron.
Name the 3 types of steel?
Low carbon steel - 0.1% Carbon.
High carbon steel - 1.5% Carbon.
Stainless steel.
What is stainless steel?
Chromium added.
Sometimes nickel.
Low carbon property?
Easily shaped.
Low carbon use?
Car bodies.
High carbon property?
Very hard.
Inflexible.
High carbon use?
Blades for cutting tools, bridges.
Stainless steel property?
Corrosion-resistant.
Stainless steel use?
Cutlery.
Containers for corrosive substances.
Alloys are harder than what?
Pure metals.
Different elements have what?
Different sized atoms.
So what happens when an element such as carbon is added to pure iron?
The smaller carbon atom will upset the layers of pure iron atoms.
Making it more difficult to slide over each other.
What does tin + copper make?
Bronze.
Copper + Nickel =
Cupronickel.
Gold alloys are used to make what?
Jewellery.
Aluminium alloys are used to make what?
Aircraft.
What is bronze harder that?
And what is it good for making?
Copper.
Medals and statues.
What is cupronickel?
Hard and corrosion resistant.
Silver coins.
What metals are added to harden pure gold?
Zinc. Copper. Silver. Palladium. Nickel.
In the past what was the development of alloys like?
Trial and error.
What is wrong with the Eiffel Tower?
It is made from iron.
It goes rusty when exposed to air and water.
Painted every 7 years.
