Atom Structures And Orbitals

Question 1

How do electrons move according to Bohr

Answer 1

In circles around the nucleus

Question 2

Impossible to know both momentum and position at the same instant

Answer 2

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

Question 3

In Bohr we are only able to describe…

Answer 3

Precise orbit of electron

Question 4

Wave functions must be

Answer 4

Single valued

Question 5

First derivatives must be

Answer 5

Continuous

Question 6

Wave functions must approach — as r approaches —

Answer 6

0; infinity

Question 7

Responsible for determining the overall energy of an atomic orbital

Answer 7

Quantum number n

Question 8

Determines angular momentum and orbital shape

Answer 8

QN L

Question 9

Determines orientation of angular momentum vector in a magnetic field or position of an orbital in space

Answer 9

QN ml

Question 10

Determines orientation of electron magnetic moment and describes electron spin within orbital

Answer 10

Quantum number ms

Question 11

A nodal surface is a space with…

Answer 11

No electron density

Question 12

Build up of electrons in atom results from continuously increasing quantum numbers

Answer 12

Aufbau

Question 13

Requires that each electron in atom have unique set of quantum numbers

Answer 13

Pauli exclusion

Question 14

Electrons must be placed in orbitals to give max total possible spin

Answer 14

Hunds

Question 15

Have the same energy

Answer 15

Degenerate orbitals

Question 16

Lyman part of spectrum

Answer 16

UV

Question 17

Balmer part of spectrum

Answer 17

VIS

Question 18

Paschen part of spectrum

Answer 18

IR

Question 19

Bohr’s two postulates

Answer 19

Stationary states exist in which energy of electron is constant and characterized by circular orbit around nucleus. Energy of absorbs or emits only when electron moves states

Question 20

Region of space defined by wave function

Answer 20

Atomic orbital

Question 21

Constructive wave effect on probability of finding electron in the region

Answer 21

Increases

Question 22

Destructive wave effect on probability of finding electron in region

Answer 22

Decreases

Question 23

Larger n means

Answer 23

Higher energy orbital

Question 24

Lower n means

Answer 24

More compact orbital

Question 25

All orbitals with a given n value are

Answer 25

In the same shell

Question 26

Orbitals with the same l value

Answer 26

Same subshell

Question 27

What does ml do

Answer 27

Distinguishes the individual orbitals

Question 28

Anticlockwise ms

Answer 28

+ 1/2

Question 29

Clockwise ms

Answer 29

- 1/2

Question 30

Radial nodes occur when

Answer 30

Radial component passes through zero

Question 31

Number of type of node — with energy

Answer 31

Increases

Question 32

Calculate number of radial nodes

Answer 32

N - l - 1

Question 33

Radial nodes in 2s

Answer 33

1

Question 34

Radial nodes in 2p

Answer 34

None

Question 35

For any series of the same type of orbital, 1st has —- nodes, 2nd has —- etc

Answer 35

None, 1

Question 36

Orbital with quantum number of l has what number of nodal planes

Answer 36

L number

Question 37

Bohr radius

Answer 37

0.529 amps

Question 38

Why was Bohr abandoned

Answer 38

Only works on hydrogen and electrons are not discrete particles

Question 39

Wave functions can mean either electron is — OR electron is —

Answer 39

A discrete particle with relative probability of one point OR smeared distribution of negative charge with variations in density

Question 40

Electrons will enter different orbitals for how long

Answer 40

As long as possible

Question 41

2 electrons occupying different orbitals have

Answer 41

Parallel spins

Question 42

Parallel spin means

Answer 42

Same direction

Question 43

Most stable configuration has the largest number of unpaired electron spins

Answer 43

Hunds rule

Question 44

Paramagnetic

Answer 44

1+ unpaired electrons so molecule is attracted to magnetic field

Question 45

Diamagnetic

Answer 45

No unpaired electrons so there is weak repelling by magnetic field

Question 46

Why measure magnetism

Answer 46

Bc it allows us to detect presence and number of unpaired electrons

Question 47

Electronegativity determined by

Answer 47

Tendency of atoms to bind extra electrons and hold what it already has.

Question 48

The ability to attract electrons from bonded neighbors

Answer 48

Electronegativity

Question 49

Binding requires a

Answer 49

Net positive overlap of atomic orbitals