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Blk 1-7 > Atmosphere & Weather > Flashcards

Atmosphere & Weather Flashcards

0
Q

Atmosphere composed of % gases

A

78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% other (0.93% Argon)

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1
Q

99% of the atmosphere lies within

A

19 miles of the Earths surface

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2
Q

% for Nitrogen and Oxygen hold constant upto

A

about 50 miles

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3
Q

Changing of water vapor into liquid water

A

Condensation

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4
Q

Liquid water becoming water vapor

A

Evaporation

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5
Q

Latent Heat

A

Released when water turns from Vapor to liquid water or ice

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6
Q

Atmosphere Spheres

A 
Troposphere
Stratosphere 
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
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7
Q

Isothermal Zones

A

Region where the air remains constant with height

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8
Q

Temperature decrease with height

A

Lapse rate

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9
Q

Lapse Rate average

A

2*C per 1000 feet rise elevation

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10
Q

Temperature Inversion

A

Temperature may increase with height

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11
Q

Troposphere

A

From the earths surface to where the air stops becoming colder with height

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12
Q

Jet Stream

A

Narrow, shallow band of strong westerly winds of 50 knots or more around the hemisphere in a wave like pattern

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13
Q

Ozone

A

it absorbs energetic ultraviolet solar energy

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14
Q

Hypoxia

A

oxygen starved, no pain, feeling of exhaustion, visual impairment, carelessness, unconsciousness and death.

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15
Q

Exosphere

A

Region where atoms and molecules shoot off into space

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16
Q

Weather Fronts

A

Cold, Warm, Occluded, Stationary

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17
Q

Cold Front

A

Cold air mass overtaking warm air mass. Turbulence, wind shear,TS, lighting, heavy rain, hail, icing and tornados.

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18
Q

Warm Front

A

Warm air mass overtaking and replacing a cold front. Low ceiling and poor visibility, freezing rain, ice. 6-12hrs prior to and 1hr afterwards.

19
Q

Occluded Front

A

Cold front overtakes a warm front and lifts it completely from the ground.

20
Q

Stationary Front

A

Warm or Cold front that just does not move.

21
Q

Most noticeable property of air

A

Mobility

22
Q

Winds on earth are impelled by 2 great forces

A

Heat of the sun

Rotation of the Earths axis

23
Q

Real sourest that drives the winds

A

The Sun

24
Q

Steering mechanism that drives the wind

A

Earths Rotation

25
Q

Jet stream wind

A

May reach up to 300 knots but generally between 100 and 150 knots. Strongest winds between FL250 and FL400

26
Q

Hydrologic Cycle

A

Water evaporates and condenses again falling down as precipitation in a never ending cycle

27
Q

most important element in the production of clouds and other visible weather phenomena

A

Water Vapor

28
Q

Absolute Humility

A

density of water vapor in the air.

29
Q

Relative Humidity

A

Ratio of the amount of water vapor actually in the air to the maximum amount that the air can hold at the temperature.

30
Q

Dew Point

A

is the temperature, at a given pressure, to which the air must be cooled to become saturated

31
Q

Frost Point

A

When the Dew Point is bellow freezing

32
Q

Spread

A

difference between the temperature and dew point

33
Q

4*F of the dew point

A

Aircrews should be alert for the possibility of fog or low cloud formation

34
Q

Atmospheric Pressure-Definition

A

the force per unit area exerted by the weight if a column of air directly above a given fixed point.

35
Q

Pressure Units

A

inches of mercury (Hg)
millibars (mb)
hectopascals (hPa)

36
Q

Kollsman Window

A

altimeters in the US aircraft are calibrated for settings in inches of mercury

37
Q

Station Pressure

A

Pressure measured at an airport, it’s the weight of the air above the airport.

38
Q

MSL Pressure

A

1 inch of mercury for each 1000 feet of altitude change.

39
Q

Temperature

A

Air expands as it becomes warmer and contracts as it cools

40
Q

Pressure Altitude (PA)

A

standard atmosphere, sea level pressure 29.92 inches Hg or 1013.2 mb.

41
Q

Standard Datum Plane

A

29.92 in Hg
1013.2 mb
15*C

42
Q

Density Altitude

A

Is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature.

43
Q

QNE

A

always 29.92 Hg above the transition altitude FL180 MSL in the US

44
Q

QNH

A

True height above MSL

45
Q

QFE

A

DANGEROUS.

indicates actual elevation above the field. (will show ZERO feet on the ground)

46
Q

Altimeter Errors

A

Atmospheric pressure
Mechanical Displacement
Instrument Error

Blk 1-7 (12 decks)

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