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Z Year3 Resp Conditions > Asbestos Related Lung Disease > Flashcards

Asbestos Related Lung Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is asbestosis?

A

diffuse interstitial fibrosis of lung as consequence of exposure to asebestos fibres

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2
Q

When does onset of asbestosis occur?

A

> 10 years following initial exposure to asbestos

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3
Q

What are RF for asbestosis?

A
  1. Asbestos exposure
  2. Long duration of exposure
  3. Smoking Hx
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4
Q

What are symptoms of asbestosis?

A 
1.	Asymptomatic
Or
2.	Progressive SOB 
3.	Haemoptysis
4.	FKAWS
5.	Dyspnoea on exertion 
6.	Cough
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5
Q

What are possible DDx for asbestosis?

A
  1. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
  2. Connective tissue disease
  3. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP)
  4. Hard metal lung disease
  5. Silicosis
    sarcoidosis
  6. Medication or radiation related Pulmonary fibrosis
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6
Q

What tests would you do for asbestosis?

A
  1. CXR - PA and Lateral

2. PFTs

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7
Q

What would CXR PA and lateral show in asbestosis?

A
  1. Right sided pleural effusion
  2. Lower zone liner interstitial fibrosis
  3. Pleural thickening
  4. Bilatreal lower fibrosis (if asbestosis)
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8
Q

What would PFTs show in asbestosis?

A

restrictive changes, maybe obstructive (esp if Hx of smoking)

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9
Q

What are restrictive changes in PFTs?

A
  1. Reduced FVC and normal FEV1/FVC ratio
  2. Reduced SVC
  3. Reduced TLC
  4. Reduced DLCO
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10
Q

What are obstructive changes in PFTs?

A
  1. Reduced FEV1
  2. Reduced FEV1/FVC
  3. Increased RV/LCS ratio
  4. Reduced DLCO
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11
Q

What is first line management for asbestosis?

A

1st line: Cig smoking cessation to reduce risk of LC + supportive care
-Adjunct: pulmonary rehab and oxygen therapy

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12
Q

What is 2nd line treatment for asbestosis?

A

pleural decortication or lung transplant

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13
Q

What are possible complications of asbestosis?

A
  1. Cor pulmonlae
  2. Lung cancer
  3. Mesothelioma
  4. Colon cancer
  5. Laryngeal Cancer
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14
Q

What is the prognosis of asbestosis related to?

A

extent of fibrosis notes at diagnosis and past cumulative exposure to absbestos

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15
Q

What can asbestosis lead to?

A

mesothelioma

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16
Q

What type of crystals are in asbestosis?

A

Serpentine crystals and amphibole crystals

17
Q

What are signs in asbestosis?

A
  1. Fine-end bibasal crackles
  2. Clubbing
  3. Asbestos warts
  4. Reduced expansion
  5. RHF
18
Q

What other investigations may be done for asbestosis?

A
  1. Lung biopsy if malignant
  2. ABG if acute as may show T1 resp failure (hypoxia)
  3. HRCT
19
Q

What would HRCT show in asbestosis?

A
  1. Basal diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates
  2. Shaggy heart border
  3. Ground glass and diffuse interstitial fibrosis
20
Q

Why do you need to do HRCT in all ILD?

A

as need to know pattern of fibrosis

21
Q

When can you have compensation for asbestosis?

A

Compensation for 3 years of diagnosis

22
Q

What are asbestos bodies?

A

presence of asbestosis in lungs with no symptoms or CXR findings after light exposure to asbestos

23
Q

When are pleural plaques seen?

A

seen early and at low exposure

24
Q

What are pleural plaques like?

A

thickening and calcification of the pleura visible on CXR that causes slight restrictive lung disease and rarely causes occasional exertion dyspnoea – can be diffused

25
Q

What is defintion of asbestosis?

A
  1. generalised lung fibrosis 5-10 years after heavy exposure that causes serve lung disease
  2. reduced gas transfer in alveoli
  3. diffuse lung fibrosis on CXR
  4. progressive dyspnoea
26
Q

When does cancer work for asbestosis?

A

decades after exposure does not need asbestosis to be present

27
Q

What are indications of mesotheliamia?

A
  1. pleural effusion
  2. Chest pain
  3. SOB
  4. usually occurs 20-40 years after exposure
28
Q

What are indications for asbestos related lung cancer?

A

increased cumulative exposure, increased risk of cancer and cancer develop more 10 years after first exposure

Z Year3 Resp Conditions (20 decks)

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