arts unit 1 lesson 2 Flashcards
the ancient greek culture flourished from about 1200 BCE tp 323 BCE. this culture would come and influence the western world more profoundly than any other
true
is often considered the birthplace of many aspects of western tradition
ancient greece
the arts and culture of the western world are patterned by the greeks
true
for the greeks art was hte visual expression of individual feelings and ideas. this was the new conception of the role of the artist. because the greeks believed this, we know the names of the architects and sculptors associated woth one of the well known artistic achievements of ancient greek
true
used to house a massive gold statue of Athena by Phidias
parthenon
447 BCE-432 BCE was designed by the architects Ictinus and Callicrates. the style of this structure is classical
parthenon
parthenon is designed by
Ictinus and Callicrates
parthenon is classical
true
the temple parthenon was dedicsted to godess athena. the sculptor Phidias oversaw the carvings the birth of athena is shown in the east pediment
true
who sculptede athena in parthenon
Phidias
is the triangular structure that supports the roof and provides sapce fr sculptires in high relief
pediment
one f the principles of design, shows the relatioon between parts of an artwork to eachother and the whole about size placement and amount
proportion
is a technique in sculpting wherin the elemnts remain in the abckround of the same material. it gives the impression the sculpyure has been raised from the background
relief
derived form lati wird relevo maning to raise
relief
meaning to raise
relevo
is a long narrow band of sculpture that runs along the architrave of a greek temple or building. one of the most famous friezes is the one on the parthenon
frieze
frieze in parthenon 525 ft. long and r=it runs the top of room inside the parthenon
- bodies are placed at diff. angles, looking natural
- figures are high relief,
- figure is show in standrard proportion to others, each given equal importance
yeyeyeyeyey
was the violent god, although lost the battle to athena he was still worshipped in the countryside arounf parthenon
poseidon
god of crops and music was so proud that only his father and mother could stand to be with him he made humans aware of their guilt and absolved them on it
apollo
hunting godess, to celebrtae her they dressed s nymphs or nature godesses and danced
artemis
greek columns:
ionic doric, corinthian
simplest column, capital is circle topped by square simplicity continues dwon the 20 sides no base,
doric
famous place with doric
parthenon
taller and slender thn doric, capitals are scrolls shafts are designed with a slight bulge to appear straight base is large and looks like stacked rings
ionic
famous place to see ionic columns
temple of athena NIke, Greece
most decorative of the three capitals are decorated with scrolls and leaves shafts have slight bulge to appear straight tallest
corinthian
most famous place to see corinthian columns
temple of the Sybil, Rome
from a distance the columns look straight but up close they tilt a little bit , len a little bit ot the left or right, to better support the building. the greeks wanted things beautiful but they also secured the strength of the build
true
nearly every public building in greece incorporated these designs . in ancient Sparta these column designs could also be found even today these designs are still used they have definitely withstood the test of time
true
around 200 BCE the roman empire began to expand. majority of europe fell under rome
true
skilled roman artists and architect worked on many roman projects. as the Roman empire spread so did the the ideas and the images of ancient greek
true
conseqquently roman cities grew and reqquired large amounts of water. romans built enormous aqueducts to carry water to long distances. these engineering marvels exhibited symmetry and proportion.
true
is the most famous part of the Roman aqueduct. it crosses the garden river and measures 49 m high and 257 m long (360 m when in tact) it is a UNESCO Word heritage site since 1985
Pont du Gard
Pont du Gard measurements
257 m long and 49 ft. high
the aqueduct relies much ofits strength on its arches. the curve of an arch can carry. more weigth above it than the flat surface of a beam
true
a stretched arch or a series of arches that form a curved ceiling is
barrel vault
both the arch and barrel vault were known to the egyotians . but it was the romans who maximized its ase evidently in bridges temples and other structures
true
the masons of the pont du gard let stone jut fromt he surface to hold scffholdings for later repairs the last stone to placed in an acrh is the keystone. until it is set the bottom of the arch must be supported a continuos series of arches froms a barrel vault
true
citizens in roman cities had an immense keenness for entertainment. spectators packed stadiums acroos the empire to watch slaves fight to the death in gladiatorial battles.
true
early stadium was romes first freestanding: could hold 50,000 viewers
Colosseum or coliseum
measruements of the colliseum
620 x 513 x 150 ft.
nowadys all thats left in the arena is a ruin . the marble seats and intricate decor that once graced was stolen long ago. it was somewhat restored in the 1990s.
true
in 2000 a theater group staged fist oerformance there in 1,500 years
true
means the temple for every god
pantheon
used to be a roman temple comissioned by MArcus Agrippa during the reign of Emperor Augustus
pantheon
the pantheon used to be comissioned by
Marcus Agrippa
the building has a circular structure with a portico of huge granite materiall corinthian columns under a pediment, a rectangular vestibule links to the porch to the rotunda
pantheon
almost 2000 years after it was built its dme is still the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome, it is one of the best preserved ancient roman structures in the history even up to this date it hasbeen in continuous use .
true
since the 7th C it has been used as a church dedicated to
St.MAry and the Martyrs
since the 7th C it has been used as a church dedicated to St.MAry and the Martyrs it is also called
Santa Maria Rotonda
pantheon is a state property under the
Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and tourism through the Polo Museum del Lazio
the culture misnstry of italy
Polo MUseum del LAzio
from the latin wrod rotundus is any building with circular ground plan and sometimes covered by a dome
rotunda
an italian term to describe a porch leading to the entrance of a building or extended as a colonnade witha roof over a walkaway supported by columns or enclosed by walls
portico
is a small foyer inot a larger space
vestibule
ex. of vestibule
lobbies, entrance halls passages and the like
ancient romans created remarkably realistic portrait sculptures or busts. they not only look like the persons they portrsy but also offer a glimpse into their personalities.
true
is a work of art usually focusing on the face of a person an animal or a group of people
bust
bust of euripides ca. 330BC
pio clementino museum, vatican
head of agrippina the elder 2nd C
louvre, paris
in ther areas the roman sculpture borrowed heavily from the greeks. in fact many of the well known artists of ancient rome were greek themselves. even so sculptures like busts truly express the roan spirit. they reflect the roman preference for the ordinary than the heroic. the wrinkles, creases and features are faithfully copied making these seem like people one might know. sculptures like these help bring the history of rome alive
true
