Articulations, Actions & Movements Flashcards
bones joined by dense fibrous connective tissue
fibrous joint
examples of fibrous joint
suture, syndesmosis, gomphosis
joint formed by the articulation of bones of the skull, in adult no movement permitted
suture
contains longer bands of fibers, depending on the specific joint, called ligaments or interosseous membranes
syndesmosis
a joint that binds teeth in sockets via the periodontal ligament
gomphosis
bones held together by cartilage
cartilaginous joint
examples of cartilaginous joints
synchondrosis & symphysis
hyaline cartilage is intervening material
synchondrosis
examples of synchondroses
epiphyseal plates and 1st sternocostal joint
fibrocartilage is intervening material
symphysis
examples of symphyses
pubic symphysis, invertebral discs
what are the parts of a synovial joint
articular cartilage (usually hyaline), joint cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, and reinforcing ligaments
space filled with synovial fluid
joint cavity
outer fibrous layer with an inner synovial membrane
articular capsule
ultrafiltered blood plasma that lubricates surfaces
synovial fluid
dense regular connective tissue that connects the articulating bones
reinforcing ligaments
what are the types of reinforcing ligaments
intrinsic (capsular), intracapsular, extracapsular
example of intracapsular reinforcing ligament
cruciate ligaments of knee
example of extracapsular ligament
collateral ligaments of knee
What part is this?
acromioclavicular ligament
What part is this?
coracoacromial ligament
What part is this?
coracoclavicular ligament
What part is this?
coracohumeral ligament
What part is this?
tendon of long head of biceps brachii
What part is this?
bursa
What part is this?
glenohumeral ligament
What is 7?
glenoid labrum
What is 9?
head of humerus
What is 1?
articular capsule
What is 2?
radial collateral ligament
What is 3?
annular ligament
What is 5?
radius
What is 6?
ulna
What is 7?
bursa
What is 1?
articular capsule
What is 3?
annular ligament
What is 4?
ulnar collateral ligament
lateral meniscus
medial meniscus
anterior cruciate ligament
posterior cruciate ligament
anterior cruciate ligament
patellar ligament
tendon of quadriceps femoris
What is this?
coracoacromial ligament
What is this?
articular capsule
What is this?
coracohumeral ligament
What is this?
subscapularis
What is this?
biceps brachii long head
What is this?
bursa
What is this?
coracoclavicular ligament
What is this?
acromioclavicular ligament
What is this?
articular capsule
What is this?
ulnar collateral ligament
What is this?
radial collateral ligament
What is this?
annular ligament
What is this?
iliofemoral ligament
What is this?
ischiofemoral ligament
What is this?
articular capsule
What is this?
pubofemoral ligament
What is this?
patellar ligament
What is this?
anterior cruciate ligament
What is this?
lateral meniscus
What is this?
patellar surface
What is this?
posterior cruciate ligament
What is this?
medial meniscus
What is this?
tibial collateral ligament
What is this?
fibular collateral ligament
concentric contraction
involved muscle shortens during contraction
eccentric contraction
involved muscle lengthens during contraction
prime mover for flexion of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
pectoralis major, deltoid anterior part
synergist for flexion of the pectoral girdle (shoulder)
coracobrachialis, biceps brachii
prime movers for extension of pectoral girdle(shoulder)
latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid
synergist for extension of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
teres major
prime mover for abduction of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
deltoid
synergist for abduction of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
supraspinatus
prime movers for adduction of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major
synergists for adduction of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
teres major, coracobrachialis
prime movers for horizontal abduction of pectoral girdle (shoulder)
none
synergists for horizontal adduction of pectoral girdle(shoulder)
anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis
prime movers for lateral rotation of the pectoral girdle (shoulder)
teres minor, infraspinatus
synergists for lateral rotation of the pectoral girdle (shoulder)
deltoid (posterior fibers)
prime movers for medial rotation of the pectoral girdle (shoulder)
subscapularis
synergists for medial rotation of the pectoral girdle(shoulder)
teres major, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis minor, deltoid (anterior fibers)
prime movers for protraction of pectoral girdle (scapula)
serratus anterior
synergists for protraction of pectoral girdle (scapula)
pectoralis minor
prime movers for upward rotation of pectoral girdle (scapula)
serratus anterior
synergists for upward rotation of pectoral girdle (scapula)
trapezius (superior part)
prime movers for downward rotation of pectoral girdle (scapula)
pectoralis minor
synergists for downward rotation pectoral girdle (scapula)
rhomboid major/minor, levator scapulae
prime movers for retraction of pectoral girdle (scapula)
rhomboid major
synergists for retraction of pectoral girdle (scapula)
rhomboid minor, levator scapulae
prime movers for elevation of pectoral girdle (scapula)
levator scapulae
synergists for elevation of pectoral girdle (scapula)
trapezius (superior fibers)
prime movers for depression of pectoral girdle (scapula)
trapezius (inferior fibers)
synergists for depression of pectoral girdle (scapula)
pectoralis minor
prime movers for flexion at the elbow
biceps brachii, brachialis
synergists for flexion at the elbow
brachioradialis, pronator teres
prime movers for extension at the elbow
triceps brachii
synergists for extension at the elbow
anconeus
prime movers for pronation
pronator teres
synergists for pronation
pronator quadratus
prime movers for supination
none
synergists for supination
biceps brachii, supinator
prime movers for flexion at the hip
iliopsoas
synergists for flexion at the hip
tensor fasciae latae, sartorius, rectus femoris, adductor longus & magnus, pectineus
prime movers for extension at the hip
gluteus maximus, biceps femoris long head
synergists for extension at the hip
semitendinosus, semimembranosus
prime movers for abduction at the hip
gluteus medius
synergists for abduction at the hip
gluteus maximus & minimus, tensor fasciae latae, sartorius
prime movers for adduction at the hip
none
synergists for adduction at the hip
adductor magnus, longus, and brevis, gracilis, pectineus
prime movers for horizontal abduction at the hip
piriformis
synergists for horizontal abduction at the hip
obturator internus, superior and inferior gemellus
prime movers for horizontal adduction at the hip
adductor muscles
synergists for horizontal adduction at the hip
pectineus, gracilis
prime mover for medial rotation at the hip
none
synergists for medial rotation at the hip
gluteus medius and minimus, tensor fasciae latae, adductor magnus, longus, and brevis, gracilis, pectineus
prime movers for lateral rotation at the hip
none
synergists for lateral rotation at the hip
gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus, superior and inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris
prime movers of flexion at the knee
semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
synergists of flexion at the knee
gastrocnemius, plantaris, popliteus
prime movers for extension at the knee
all 4 quadriceps muscles
synergists for extension at the knee
tensor fasciae latae
prime movers for plantar flexion
gastrocnemius, soleus
synergists for plantar flexion
plantaris, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior, fibularis longus and brevis
prime movers for dorsiflexion
tibialis anterior
synergists for dorsiflexion
extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius, extensor hallucis longus
prime movers for inversion
tibialis posterior
synergists for inversion
flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior
eversion prime movers
none
synergists for eversion
fibularis tertius, longus, and brevis
Synergists for horizontal abduction of pectoral girdle
infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid
Prime movers of horizontal adduction of pectoral girdle
pectoralis minor
