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Human Anatomy Lab > Anatomy Terminology, Body Organization, and Skeletal Intro > Flashcards

Anatomy Terminology, Body Organization, and Skeletal Intro Flashcards

1
Q

front, before

A

anterior

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2
Q

back, behind

A

posterior

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3
Q

back (posterior in humans)

A

dorsal

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4
Q

belly side (anterior in humans)

A

ventral

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5
Q

toward midline longitudinal axis

A

medial

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6
Q

away from midline

A

lateral

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7
Q

moving along a limb towards the torso attachment

A

proximal

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8
Q

away from an attached base

A

distal

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9
Q

above (toward head)

A

superior

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10
Q

below

A

inferior

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11
Q

towards the head (cranium)

A

cranial (or rostral)

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12
Q

towards the tail

A

caudal

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13
Q

located close to or on the body surface

A

superficial

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14
Q

further beneath the body surface than superficial structures

A

deep

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15
Q

separates anterior and posterior portions of body

A

frontal (coronal)

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16
Q

passes through midline, dividing body into right and left halves

A

midsagittal (median)

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17
Q

parallel to midsagittal (not on midline), right and left halves unequal

A

parasagittal

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18
Q

separates superior and inferior portions of body

A

transverse

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19
Q

head, neck and trunk region

A

axial

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20
Q

limbs region

A

appendicular

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21
Q

eye region

A

orbital

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22
Q

cheek region

A

buccal

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23
Q

mouth region

A

oral

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24
Q

neck region

A

cervical

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25
Q

shoulder region

A

acromial

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26
Q

chest region

A

thoracic

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27
Q

arm pit region

A

axillary

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28
Q

arm region

A

brachial

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29
Q

anterior side of elbow region

A

antecubital

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30
Q

forearm region

A

antebrachial

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31
Q

thumb region (digit 1 of hand)

A

pollex

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32
Q

navel region

A

umbilical

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33
Q

abdomen

A

abdominal

34
Q

junction of trunk and thighs

A

inguinal

35
Q

genital region

A

pubic

36
Q

thigh region

A

femoral

37
Q

posterior side of knee region

A

popliteal

38
Q

anterior knee region

A

patellar

39
Q

lateral side of leg region

A

peroneal (fibular)

40
Q

heel of foot region

A

calcaneal

41
Q

sole of foot region

A

plantar

42
Q

great toe region (1st digit of foot)

A

hallux

43
Q

what does the dorsal body cavity contain?

A

cranial cavity (brain) & spinal cavity (spinal cord)

44
Q

what does the ventral body cavity contain?

A

thoracic cavity & abdominopelvic cavity

45
Q

what does the thoracic cavity contain?

A

pleural cavities (contains lungs) & mediastinum

46
Q

what does the mediastinum contain?

A

pericardial cavity (heart) & additional components (thymus, trachea, esophagus, and aorta)

47
Q

what does the abdominopelvic cavity contain?

A

abdominal cavity (stomach, small intestine, liver, spleen, kidney, etc.) & pelvic cavity (bladder, reproductive organs, sigmoid colon, etc.)

48
Q

what are the 3 serous membranes?

A

pericardium, pleurae, and peritoneum

49
Q

longer than they are wide; have a diaphysis, epiphysis, and medullary cavity

A

long bone

50
Q

boxlike with an outer surface of compact bone and a spongy bone interior

A

short bone

51
Q

large surface area bones with thin, parallel layers of compact bone and spongy bone core

A

flat bone

52
Q

complex shapes; short, flat, notched, or ridged surfaces

A

irregular bone

53
Q

small, round, and flat; develop within tendons (a type of short bone)

A

sesamoid

54
Q

small, flat, oddly shaped; formed between sutures of skull

A

sutural (wormian)

55
Q

what are the 3 reasons bone markings exist?

A

1) sites for muscle, ligament or tendon attachment, 2) grooves and holes to allow passage of blood vessels or nerves, 3) articulations with other bones

56
Q

a raised rough projection

A

tuberosity

57
Q

prominent ridge

A

crest

58
Q

large, blunt & rough projection

A

trochanter

59
Q

small & rounded projection

A

tubercle

60
Q

raised area on or above a condyle

A

epicondyle

61
Q

a low ridge (less prominent than a crest)

A

line

62
Q

any bone prominence

A

process

63
Q

sharp, slender or pointed process

A

spine

64
Q

expanded articular end of an epiphysis

A

head

65
Q

small, flat articular surface

A

facet

66
Q

rounded projection at the end of a bone

A

condyle

67
Q

extension of bone making an angle to the rest of the structure

A

ramus

68
Q

shallow depression

A

fossa

69
Q

rounded opening or hole for blood vessels (and/or nerves)

A

foramen

70
Q

canal leading through the bone

A

meatus

71
Q

elongate cleft (narrow slit-like opening)

A

fissure

72
Q

a furrow in the bone

A

groove

73
Q

air-filled cavity

A

sinus

74
Q

examples of long bones

A

most appendicular bones: humerus, femur, radius, ulna, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, phalanges, clavicle

75
Q

examples of short bones

A

wrist & ankle bones (carpals and tarsals)

76
Q

examples of flat bones

A

frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital skull bones, sternum, ribs, scapula

77
Q

examples of irregular bones

A

vertebrae, pelvic bones (ileum, ischium, and pubis) maxilla, mandible, sphenoid, ethmoid

78
Q

examples of sesamoid bones

A

patella

79
Q

examples of sutural (wormian) bones

A

between sutures of skull

80
Q

Name all the components of the gross anatomy of a long bone

A

Human Anatomy Lab (20 decks)

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