Article 4e: Sexual harassment in the creative industries: Tolerance, culture and the need for change (Hennekam & Bennett, 2017) Flashcards

1
Q

Background of the study

A

There is growing evidence within the creative industries that precarity (onzekerheid), competition for work and lack of regulation within these industries exacerbates both privilege and inequality, which can increase the prevalence of sexual harassment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Design of the study

A

This study used 32 in-depth interviews with women working in the creative industry in the Netherlands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Main findings

A
  • Sexual harassment is prevent in the creative industries.
  • Many women consider it to be part of their work-culture and career advancement.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4 factors that influence the prevalence of sexual harassment in the creative industries

A
  1. Competition for work
  2. Industry culture
  3. Gendered power relations
  4. Importance of informal networks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(1) Competition for work

A

Jobs are often contingent (subjective to change) and irregular, causing a competition for work and feeling of complying to sexualised demands to advance their careers, which normalised harassment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(2) Industry culture

A

Often a male-dominated environment. The industry socialisation causes employees to adapt to informal norms, often shaped by stereotypes, sexism and racism. Appearance often outweighs talent, and sexual harassment becomes a normalised part of professional life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(3) Gendered power relations

A

Often men have all the power and the employees dempend on their boss for opportunities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(4) Informal networks

A

Networking, often conducted in the informal and social settings, is vital for career progression but creates blurred boundaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Other factors that influence the prevalence of sexual harassment in the creative indrustries

A
  • Aesthetic labor: some sectors, like modelling, depend on aesthetic labour, where physical appearance and bodily presentation are commercialised. This can blur the boundaries between professional work and harassment.
  • Underreporting of harassment: due to fear of retaliation (wraak), career damage etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Implications

A
  • The need for a climate of non-tolerance.
  • Sector-specific research and guidelines
  • Sensitivity training and further work with unions and professional associations to provide worker protection strategies.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Conclusion

A

Effective sexual harassment prevention requires action at the individual, educational, sectoral and governmental levels, beginning with public conversation to convey the message that sexual harassment is never acceptable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly