Article 2d: Collective Violence as Social Control (Senechal de la Roche, 1996)

Question 1

Pure sociology

Answer 1

Social behaviour (like violence) is a social structure, and not an individual characteristic of psychological factor. Behaviours, like violence, can be predicted and explained by examining the social space in which they occur. Collective violent often serves as self-help by groups to respond to perceived deviation behaviour from other.

Question 2

4 major forms of collective violence

Answer 2

Can be divided based on their:
- System of liability: does it target the individual or the group.
- Degree of organisation: higher or lower organisation.

This causes 4 forms of collective violence:
1. Lynching: low organisation, individual liability.
2. Rioting: low organisation, collective liability.
3. Vigilantism: high organisation, individual liability.
4. Terrorism: high organisation, collective liability.

Question 4

Lynching

Answer 4

A group of people kill someone for an alleged offence without legal trial.
(Unorganised, aimed at individuals)

Question 4

Rioting

Answer 4

The violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd.
(Unorganised, aimed at groups)

Question 4

Vigilantism

Answer 4

Law enforcement undertaking without legal authority by a self-appointed group of people.
(Organised, aimed at individuals)

Question 5

Terrorism

Answer 5

The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political claims.
(Organised, aimed at groups).