Arthopoda Lab Questions

Question 1

What kind of body cavity do they have?

Answer 1

Coelomic

Question 2

What type of gut do they have?

Answer 2

Complete gut

Question 3

What type of circulatory system do they have?

Answer 3

Open

Question 4

Define segmentation and give evidence that arthopods are segmented organisms.

Answer 4

Segmentation is repeating body parts with the same function. Evidence is that arthopod bodies are in segments.

Question 5

Define Hemocoel.

Answer 5

Coelomic cavity is place for blood to enter and pool

Question 6

Define Exoskeleton

Answer 6

A supportive external structure

Question 7

Define chitin

Answer 7

The chemical composition of the exoskeleton, it is very strong

Question 8

Define Ecdysis

Answer 8

The shedding of the cuticle/exoskeleton to grow in size

Question 9

Define instar

Answer 9

The stages of shedding for an organisms

Question 10

When will the last instar be?

Answer 10

When the arthopod is an adult

Question 11

Define gills

Answer 11

Respiratory structure for maximizing ozygen in water

Question 12

Define book lungs

Answer 12

Respiratory structure (modified gills) that minimize water loss

Question 13

Define trachael system

Answer 13

Tubes floating in hemocoel that do gas exchange, very advanced. Found in terrrestrial arthopods

Question 14

Define Malpighian tubules

Answer 14

Not kidneys, float in hemolymph in hemocoel, pump out nitrogen waste

Question 15

Define Chelicera

Answer 15

Modified appendages in Chelicerata
- ex a piercing or sucking part of a spider, scorpion, or crab

Question 16

Define complete and incomplete metamorphesis and provide examples of each.

Answer 16

Complete: immature and adult form look completely different (caterpillar to butterfly)

Incomplete: There is no major change (addition of wings)

Question 17

How do marine and aquatic arthopods respire?

Answer 17

Gills

Question 18

How do terrestrial arthopods respire?

Answer 18

Booklungs and tracheal system

Question 19

How do marine and aquatic arthopods excrete nitrogen waste?

Answer 19

Gills, there is excess water so filtering is easy. A kidney typee organ is not necessary

Question 20

How do terrestrial arthopods excrete nitrogen waste?

Answer 20

Malpighian tubules

Question 21

List the arthopoda subphylum

Answer 21

1. Trilobita
2. Chelicerata
3. Myriapoda
4. Crustacea
5. HexapodaL

Question 22

List the classes of subphylum Chelicerata

Answer 22

1. Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)
2. Pycnogonida (sea spiders)
3. Arachnida

Question 23

List the orders of class Arachnida of subphylum Chelicerata

Answer 23

1. Acari (ticks and mites)
2. Scorpiones
3. Araneae (spiders)

Question 24

List the classes of subphylum hexapoda.

Answer 24

1. Entognatha (mouthparts inside > springtails)
2. Insecta (mouthparts outside)

Question 25

What are the three important characteristics of subphylum Hexapods that improves their ability to survive in a terrestrial environment?

Answer 25

1. internal respiratory structure (breath w/out losing water)
2. Marpighian tubules (excrete nitrogen waste w/out water loss)
3. Exoskeleton (prevents drying out and gives protection)

Question 26

What is the specific function of the pericardial sinus in a crayfish?

Answer 26

Cavity around heart of blood to pool

Question 27

What is the specific function of the carapace in a crayfish?

Answer 27

The exoskeleton shell on their dorsal that can move and create water current for gills

Question 28

What is the specific function of the uropod in a crayfish?

Answer 28

Specialized appendages for swimming

Question 29

What is the specific function of the mandible in a crayfish?

Answer 29

chewing

Question 30

What is the specific function of the gastric teeth in a crayfish?

Answer 30

Secondary mechanical digestion

Question 31

What is the specific function of the antennal or green glands in a crayfish?

Answer 31

Specialized structures at the base of attena for waste excretion (similar to Malpighian tubules)