Arthopoda Lab Questions Flashcards
What kind of body cavity do they have?
Coelomic
What type of gut do they have?
Complete gut
What type of circulatory system do they have?
Open
Define segmentation and give evidence that arthopods are segmented organisms.
Segmentation is repeating body parts with the same function. Evidence is that arthopod bodies are in segments.
Define Hemocoel.
Coelomic cavity is place for blood to enter and pool
Define Exoskeleton
A supportive external structure
Define chitin
The chemical composition of the exoskeleton, it is very strong
Define Ecdysis
The shedding of the cuticle/exoskeleton to grow in size
Define instar
The stages of shedding for an organisms
When will the last instar be?
When the arthopod is an adult
Define gills
Respiratory structure for maximizing ozygen in water
Define book lungs
Respiratory structure (modified gills) that minimize water loss
Define trachael system
Tubes floating in hemocoel that do gas exchange, very advanced. Found in terrrestrial arthopods
Define Malpighian tubules
Not kidneys, float in hemolymph in hemocoel, pump out nitrogen waste
Define Chelicera
Modified appendages in Chelicerata
- ex a piercing or sucking part of a spider, scorpion, or crab
Define complete and incomplete metamorphesis and provide examples of each.
Complete: immature and adult form look completely different (caterpillar to butterfly)
Incomplete: There is no major change (addition of wings)
How do marine and aquatic arthopods respire?
Gills
How do terrestrial arthopods respire?
Booklungs and tracheal system
How do marine and aquatic arthopods excrete nitrogen waste?
Gills, there is excess water so filtering is easy. A kidney typee organ is not necessary
How do terrestrial arthopods excrete nitrogen waste?
Malpighian tubules
List the arthopoda subphylum
- Trilobita
- Chelicerata
- Myriapoda
- Crustacea
- HexapodaL
List the classes of subphylum Chelicerata
- Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)
- Pycnogonida (sea spiders)
- Arachnida
List the orders of class Arachnida of subphylum Chelicerata
- Acari (ticks and mites)
- Scorpiones
- Araneae (spiders)
List the classes of subphylum hexapoda.
- Entognatha (mouthparts inside > springtails)
- Insecta (mouthparts outside)
What are the three important characteristics of subphylum Hexapods that improves their ability to survive in a terrestrial environment?
- internal respiratory structure (breath w/out losing water)
- Marpighian tubules (excrete nitrogen waste w/out water loss)
- Exoskeleton (prevents drying out and gives protection)
What is the specific function of the pericardial sinus in a crayfish?
Cavity around heart of blood to pool
What is the specific function of the carapace in a crayfish?
The exoskeleton shell on their dorsal that can move and create water current for gills
What is the specific function of the uropod in a crayfish?
Specialized appendages for swimming
What is the specific function of the mandible in a crayfish?
chewing
What is the specific function of the gastric teeth in a crayfish?
Secondary mechanical digestion
What is the specific function of the antennal or green glands in a crayfish?
Specialized structures at the base of attena for waste excretion (similar to Malpighian tubules)
