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809 - Exam 1 > Arterial Supply - Brain - E Davis > Flashcards

Arterial Supply - Brain - E Davis Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 arterial systems to supply the brain

A

vertebrobasilar system

internal carotid system

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2
Q

the circle of willis is anastomosis of the ______________ and
__________ carotid
systems

A

vertebrobasilar and internal

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3
Q

the internal carotid artery supplies structures in the _______ and ________

A

orbit and brain

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4
Q

On ventral surface of brain,
internal carotid artery gives
rise to what 2 things

A

anterior cerebral artery

middle cerebral artery

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5
Q

what is the anterior communicating artery

A

anterior cerebral artery

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6
Q

what are 3 major blood supplier to the brain

A

anterior cerebral artery

middle cerebral artery

posterior cerebral artery

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7
Q

the anterior cerebral artery supplies most of the _____ , _______ surfaces of brain (_________ and _______ lobes)

A

medial

superior

frontal and parietal

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8
Q

the anterior cerebral artery corresponds to _______ and ______ areas of motor and sensory cortex

A

leg and foot

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9
Q

the middle cerebral artery supplies most of the ______ surfaces of the brain (______ and ______ lobes)

A

lateral

parietal and temporal

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10
Q

the middle cerebral artery corresponds to the _____ , ______ , and ______ areas of motor and sensory cortex

A

trunk

arm

face

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11
Q

the middle cerebral artery corresponds to areas related to ? (think of LAME)

A

language and recognition

auditory processing

memory

emotional processing

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12
Q

the posterior cerebral artery supplies the _______ surface of the brain (mostly ________ and some ________ lobe)

A

inferior

occipital

temporal

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13
Q

the posterior cerebral artery corresponds to areas of

A

visual processing

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14
Q

The Circle of Willis provides collateral circulation between __________ and
__________ circulation

A

vertebrobasilar

internal carotid

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15
Q

the Circle of Willis is formed by what 5 arteries

A

Posterior cerebral AA
Posterior communicating AA
Internal carotid AA
Anterior cerebral AA
Anterior communicating A

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16
Q

loss of blood flow
due to a blockage (embolism,
thrombosis) is what kind of stroke

A

ischemic stroke

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17
Q

loss of blood flow due to rupture of an artery or aneurysm is what kind of stroke

A

hemorrhagic stroke

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18
Q

Most commonly, strokes occur due to issues with the

A

middle cerebral artery

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19
Q

Paralysis in the trunk, arms, and/or face

A

contralateral hemiplegia

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20
Q

Sensory issues in the trunk, arms, and/or face

A

contralateral hemiaesthesia

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21
Q

Difficulty understanding or producing speech

A

global aphasia

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22
Q

Thin-walled, valveless
veins draining brain
tissue

A

cerebral veins

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23
Q

cerebral veins empty into nearest

A

dural venous sinuses

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24
Q

dural venous sinuses move

A

venous blood and CSF

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25
Q

dural venous sinuses eventually drain into

A

internal jugular veins

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26
Q

what collects blood from superior cerebral veins and drains to confluence of sinuses

A

superior sagittal sinus

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27
Q

what drains to straight sinus

A

inferior sagittal sinus

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28
Q

the straight sinus is formed by the _______ sinus and ____________

A

inferior sagittal

great cerebral vein (of Galen)

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29
Q

the straight sinus empties into

A

confluence of sinuses

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30
Q

the confluence of sinus collects from what 3 sinuses

A

superior sagittal sinus

straight sinus

occipital sinus

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31
Q

the confluence of sinus sends to

A

transverse sinus

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32
Q

the occipital sinus ends superiorly in the

A

confluence of sinuses

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33
Q

the occipital sinus receives blood from the

A

inferior epidural venous plexus

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34
Q

the transverse sinuses drains to the ______ sinus

A

sigmoid

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35
Q

the sigmoid sinuses drains into the

A

internal jugular vein

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36
Q

the cavernous sinuses receives blood from the superior & inferior
___________ veins and ___________

A

ophthalmic

pterygoid plexus

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37
Q

the cavernous sinuses drain into what sinuses

A

superior and inferior petrosal sinuses

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38
Q

how are the paired cavernous sinuses connected

A

via the intercavernous sinuses

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39
Q

what are the contents of the cavernous sinus

A

internal carotid artery ( and sympathetics)

CN VI
CN III
CN IV
CN V1
CN V2

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40
Q

the superior petrosal sinuses join at the start of the ________ sinuses

A

sigmoid

41
Q

the transverse sinuses curve inferiorly to form the _______ sinuses

A

sigmoid

42
Q

the inferior petrosal sinuses drain directly into the origin of the

A

internal jugular veins

43
Q

the emissary veins connect veins of the ________ and ________ veins to
the

A

scalp

diploic

dural venous sinuses

44
Q

emissary veins are _______ and flow may be _______

A

valveless

bidirectional

45
Q

where are the meninges located

A

deep to scalp and cranium

46
Q

the meninges form what sinuses

A

venous

47
Q

the meninges are composed of 3 membranous connective tissue layers - what are they

A

dura mater

arachnoid mater

pia mater

48
Q

tough, thick external fibrous layer

highly vascularized, innervated

A

dura mater

49
Q

thin, intermediate layer

subarachnoid space contains CSF

A

arachnoid mater

50
Q

delicate layer

adheres to the surface of brain

A

pia mater

51
Q

combined layers of arachnoid and pia mater

A

leptomeninges

52
Q

what are the 2 layers of the dura mater

A

periosteal layer

meningeal layer

53
Q

the 2 layers of the dura mater are fused, except when they split and form

A

dural venous sinuses and dural reflections

54
Q

Formed when the meningeal layer of dura mater reflects away from the periosteal layer

A

dural reflections

55
Q

dural infoldings include what 4 things

A

Cerebral falx
Cerebellar tentorium
Cerebellar falx
Sellar diaphragm

56
Q

what is the largest dural reflection

A

Cerebellar Falx

57
Q

the cerebellar falx separates the

A

right and left cerebral hemispheres

58
Q

the cerebellar falx joins with the

A

cerebellar tentorium

59
Q

the cerebellar falx has what 2 sinuses

A

superior sagittal

inferior sagittal

60
Q

2nd largest dural reflection

A

cerebellar tentorium

61
Q

what separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum

A

cerebellar tentorium

62
Q

the cerebellar tentorium attaches to the ________ at midline

A

cerebral falx

63
Q

the cerebellar tentorium has what 4 sinuses

A

straight

confluence of sinuses

transverse

superior petrosal

64
Q

Vertical dural reflection that lies
inferior to the cerebellar tentorium

A

cerebellar falx

65
Q

the cerebellar falx partially separates the

A

cerebellar hemispheres

66
Q

cerebellar falx has what sinus

A

occipital

67
Q

what is the smallest dural reflection

A

sellar diaphragm

68
Q

the __________ forms a roof over hypophyseal fossa

A

sellar diaphragm

69
Q

what covers the pituitary gland

A

sellar diaphragm

70
Q

Innervation of the dura is largely
divided at the level of the

A

tentorium cerebelli

71
Q

Superior portions of dura and
tentorium cerebelli is innervated by

A

CN V

72
Q

Inferior portions of dura are innervated by

A

C2 - C3

73
Q

Innervation of the dura superior to the tentorium cerebelli is largely by the

A

three divisions of CN V

74
Q

Anterior cranial fossa is innervated by

A

CN V1 , V2 , V3

75
Q

Middle cranial fossa is innervated by

A

CN V2 , V3

76
Q

Posterior cranial fossa floor is innervated by

A

C2 - C3

77
Q

Arachnoid villi/granulations are extensions of arachnoid that extend into the

A

meningeal layer of dura mater

78
Q

Arachnoid villi/granulations transfer _____ into __________

A

CSF into venous sinuses

79
Q

supporting bundles of fibers that help to suspend the brain

A

arachnoid trabeculae

80
Q

arachnoid trabeculae pass between the

A

arachnoid and pia mater

81
Q

what are the 3 meningeal spaces

A

epidural space (potential)

subdural space (potential)

subarachnoid space (true)

82
Q

where is the epidural space

A

Between cranium and dura

83
Q

where is the subdural space

A

between dura and arachnoid

84
Q

where is the subarachnoid space

A

between arachnoid and Pia mater

85
Q

the subarachnoid space contains

A

CSF

trabecular cells

arteries

veins

86
Q

an intracerebral hemorrhage is within the

A

brain parenchyma

87
Q

CSF is secreted by cells of the
___________ in the ventricles of the brain

A

choroid plexus

88
Q

CSF travels through the

A

subarachnoid space

89
Q

CSF is absorbed into the _________
system by the ___________

A

venous

arachnoid villi/granulations

90
Q

interconnected network that
produces, transports, and
removes CSF

A

ventricular system

91
Q

ventricles include

A

2 lateral ventricles (1st and 2nd)

midline 3rd ventricle

midline 4th ventricle

92
Q

Lateral ventricles (1st and 2nd ventricles) extend into

A

all lobes of cerebral hemispheres

93
Q

Lateral ventricles (1st and 2nd ventricles) opens into ___________ via the ___________________

A

3rd ventricle

interventricular foramen (Foramen of Monro)

94
Q

the third ventricle is continuous with ___________ ventricle through the
__________

A

4th

cerebral aqueduct

95
Q

the fourth ventricle continues to the

A

spinal cord

96
Q

the CSF drains from the 4th ventricle into the subarachnoid space through what 3 openings

A

2 lateral apertures (foramen of Luschka)

1 median aperture (foramen of Magendie)

97
Q

the lateral apertures (foramen of Luschka) and median aperture (foramen of Magendie) drain into the

A

subarachnoid space

98
Q

where is the cerellomedullary cistern

A

between the cerebellum and medulla

99
Q

excess CSF in the ventricles

A

hydrocephalus

809 - Exam 1 (8 decks)

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