Arrhythmia

Question 1

Aetiology of AF over different age groups

Answer 1

Question 2

3 subtypes of AF and differences in age groups and treatment

Answer 2

paroxysmal
persistant
permanent

Question 3

Adenosine site of action (cardiac)

Answer 3

purine A1 receptors

Question 4

Drug therapy for AVNRT/ AVRT (long term)

Answer 4

beta-blocker, verapamil, flecanaide

Question 5

Which valve is A flutter spinning around and which direction

Answer 5

tricuspid valve, anti-clockwise

Question 6

Consequences of AF

Answer 6

Immediate
– LossofAtrioventricularSynchrony
– AbnormalRateandRateVariability

• Longerterm
  – Thromboembolism
  – TachycardiaCardiomyopathy
• mitral valve dilatation > MR

Question 7

Renal vs hepatic clearance of DOACs

Answer 7

Dabigatran
* Renalclearance,contraindicatedCrCl <30ml/min

Rivaroxaban
Hepaticclearance,contraindicatedseverehepaticandrenalimpairment

Apixaban
Biliaryclearance,somerenalclearance,contraindicatedCrCl <25ml/min