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MONTH 6 > Argentina > Flashcards

Argentina Flashcards

1
Q

Argentina is the most important wine-producing country in South America, the world’s__ largest producer, and in 2008 the world’s__ largest exporter of wine

A

5th, 7th

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2
Q

The country’s vineyards are mostly confined to-

A

the western sector of the country, in the plains and foothills near the Andes

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3
Q

country’s vineyards mostly experience a __ climate

A

continental

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4
Q

In the rain shadow of the Andes, Argentina’s wine producing regions are-

A

very dry

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5
Q

What is the Zonda?

A

a fierce, dusty, hot afternoon wind that blows down from the mountains in the late spring and early summer, sometimes adversely affecting flowering

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6
Q

The general lack of humidity in most Argentinean winegrowing regions keeps vineyards-

A

free of fungal problems

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7
Q

What provides plentiful water for irrigation?

A

snowmelt in those years that the Andes receive heavy winter snowfall

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8
Q

Unfortunately, the little moisture that does precipitate in the vineyards often comes in the form of-

A

dangerous spring and summer hail

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9
Q

As expected in a continental climate, summer temperatures can reach-

A

100° F and above

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10
Q

What serves to mitigate extreme temp. highs and prolongs the growing season?

A

higher elevation vineyards—some of the world’s highest vines (3,000 meters above sea level)

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11
Q

Where are the higher elevation vineyards located?

A

in Salta, at Donald Hess’ Colomé estate

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12
Q

Argentinean vineyards are generally situated on the slopes of the Andean foothills and plains, the avg national elevation for vineyards is approx-

A

900 meters above sea level

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13
Q

What keeps Argentinean vineyards rather free from the effects of pollution?

A

The lack of major nearby urban centers; the Maipo, just across the mountains, is covered in Santiago’s smog by comparison

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14
Q

In descending order of importance, the country’s most important red grapes include:

A

Malbec, Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Merlot, and Tempranillo

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15
Q

Argentina’s Bonarda, the country’s 2nd most planted grape, is genetically distinct from-

A

Northern Italian grape of same name, but recent DNA studies have identified it as Savoie’s Corbeau— known as Charbono in the US

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16
Q

The country’s most planted white grape is-

A

Pedro Giménez, (unrelated to Spain’s Pedro Ximénez), a blending grape often mainly suitable for bulk wines or grape concentrate

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17
Q

What is 2nd among white grapes?

A

Torrontés, followed by Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc

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18
Q

What has become popular throughout the country; despite being prone to millerandage, & holds a greater skin-to-juice ratio?

A

Mendoza Chardonnay clone, developed at UC Davis

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19
Q

What pink-skinned varieties occupy nearly 30% of the nation’s vineyard acreage?

A

Cereza, Criolla Chica, and Criolla Grande

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20
Q

When working with premium wine grapes winemakers have the option of labeling both red and white wines as-

A

Reserva or Gran Reserva (ex: Malbec or Gewürz, but NOT Cereza or Criolla Chica)

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21
Q

Reserva implies-

A

a min 6 months of aging for white wines and 1yr for reds

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22
Q

Gran Reserva indicates-

A

min 1yr for whites and 2 for reds

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23
Q

Reserva and Gran Reserva introduced in 2008, also limit-

A

maximum yields

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24
Q

The winemaking areas of Argentina are divided among:

A
  1. the northwestern provinces
  2. the central provinces of Cuyo
  3. the southern provinces of Patagonia
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25
Q

Approx 3/4 of the country’s entire wine production occurs in the province of-

A

Mendoza in Cuyo, where more than 146,000 hectares are cultivated

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26
Q

To the north, the province of Salta, despite fewer than 2,500 total hectares under vine, is gaining a reputation for-

A

high-altitude Torrontés—a variety prone to high alcohol levels at lower, hotter elevations

27
Q

What are also successful in the cooler mountain climate of Salta?

A

Red grapes, such as Malbec and CS

28
Q

__ is a promising department within Salta, and is increasingly appearing on bottles of Torrontés

A

Cafayate

29
Q

Name a widely exported hallmark of Cafayate Torrontés?

A

Susana Balbo’s “Crios”

30
Q

What are 2 prominent producers based in Cafayate?

A
  1. Etchart, winery that 1st brought Michel Rolland to Argentina
  2. Yacochuya, Arnaldo Etchart’s new project
31
Q

The province of__, directly south of Salta, has less prestige but more area under vine

A

Catamarca

32
Q

What leads in acreage in Catamarca?

A

Torrontés, Syrah, Malbec, and CS

33
Q

Cuyo comprises the wine-producing provinces of-

A

Mendoza, La Rioja, and San Juan

34
Q

__ is the northernmost of the 3 provinces in Cuyo

A

La Rioja

35
Q

What is La Rioja’s most famous wine region?

A

Famatina Valley

36
Q

What is again the most cultivated grape in the Famatina Valley?

A

Torrontés, followed by Malbec

37
Q

Although production is significantly higher than in the northern provinces, La Rioja’s output is dwarfed by-

A

the massive production of Mendoza and San Juan to the south

38
Q

__, Argentina’s 2nd-largest wine-producing province, has more than 47,000 hectares under vine

A

San Juan

39
Q

Subregion of San Juan?

A

Tulum, Zonda, Ullum, Jáchal, and Fertil Valleys

40
Q

San Juan’s acreage has historically been devoted to-

A

Argentina’s pink-skinned varieties, although Syrah and Bonarda—sometimes confusingly called Barbera Bonarda—are capturing critical attention

41
Q

San Juan’s hot summer climate is ideal for-

A

grapes destined for brandy/vermouth production, and the region’s sherry-style wines are reasonably good

42
Q

Mendoza, the center of the Argentinean wine industry, is broadly divided into-

A

Northern, Central (Upper), Southern, and Eastern sectors, and the Uco Valley

43
Q

Describe the Uco Valley

A

a western subregion and home to the province’s highest vineyards

44
Q

Soils in the Mendoza region-

A

are generally comprised of loose, alluvial sand over clay, a structure that, when coupled with the gale-force Zonda wind, helps to keep phylloxera and other diseases at bay.

45
Q

As in Chile, almost all vines in Mendoza are-

A

planted on their own rootstock

46
Q

Climate of Mendoza?

A

desert-like, and irrigation is absolutely necessary

47
Q

Irrigation methods in Mendoza?

A

traditional form of furrow irrigation—a technique developed centuries ago by the Incas, in which the rivers’ water, swelled by Andes snowmelt, is directed through the vineyards in channels—or by more modern methods of drip irrigation

48
Q

What accounts for over 1/2 of the Mendoza’s province acreage?

A

Red grapes, Malbec, the most planted grape, covers around 16,000 ha of vineyard

49
Q

Describe Achával Ferrer wines

A

single vineyard, spending over a year in 100% new barrels

50
Q

Describe Cheval des Andes

A

blended Malbec, may convey a texture and style reminiscent of velvety Pomerol

51
Q

What provide some of the best traditional sites for Malbec?

A

The departments of Luján de Cuyo (one of Argentina’s two DOCs, authorized only for Malbec wines) and Maipú, in Central Mendoza

52
Q

Highly regarded Mendoza estates include:

A

Catena, Susana Balbo’s Dominio del Plata, Bressia, and Achával Ferrer

53
Q

In Mendoza, white grapes, such as Chardonnay and Sémillon, are cultivated with success in-

A

the high elevation vineyards of Uco Valley and its Tupungato department

54
Q

What is the principal grape in the Southern Mendoza departments of San Rafael and General Alvear?

A

Chenin Blanc

55
Q

What is Argentina’s other DOC, currently used only by Valentín Bianchi for base quality wines?

A

San Rafael

56
Q

What still account for a 1/4 of plantings in Mendoza, but they are relegated to bulk wine and grape concentrate production, and are losing acreage to a plethora of international/Italian varietals?

A

Criolla Grande and Cereza

57
Q

South of Mendoza, the winemaking provinces of Patagonia are-

A

Río Negro and Neuquén

58
Q

What performs well in Patagonia?

A

White grapes, such as Torrontés and Sémillon

59
Q

Patagonia soil/climate?

A

chalky soils, longer growing seasons

60
Q

In Patagonia, what cool-climate elegant versions of varieties are promising?

A

Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Pinot Noir

61
Q

What rapidly emerged as Patagonia’s most famous estate in the mid-2000s?

A

Bodegas Chacra, spearheaded by the family behind Tuscany’s Sassicaia, selling super-premium Río Negro Pinot Noir

62
Q

___ de Patagonia, another premier producer in the province, is winning acclaim for Malbec

A

Bodega Noemía

63
Q

__, an adjacent province to the north of Río Negro, is an emerging area for wine.

A

La Pampa

MONTH 6 (11 decks)

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