AREA OF OPERATION III:AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCES AND PROCEDURES Flashcards
What is a composite flight plan?
A flight plan for flights conducted under both IFR and VFR conditions.
Which altitude should be entered in block 7 of an IFR flight plan with multiple planned altitudes?
The initial altitude requested.
What should the time entered in block 10 of an IFR flight plan be based on?
The established arrival time at the first intended landing.
On what criteria should cruising altitude be selected for an IFR flight in Class G airspace?
Based on published MOCA, MEA, and the magnetic course.
How can you determine the amount of fuel used for a flight?
Multiply the ____________ consumption rate by the ____________ duration.
Multiply the fuel consumption rate by the flight duration.
What are the minimum fuel requirements for flight under IFR without an alternate airport?
Enough fuel to reach the destination and fly for 45 minutes at normal cruise speed.
What are the minimum fuel requirements for flight under IFR with an alternate airport?
Enough fuel to reach the destination, fly to the alternate, and fly for 45 minutes at normal cruise speed.
When is an IFR clearance required?
When operating in _____________ airspace under IFR, according to 14 CFR 91._____.
When operating in controlled airspace under IFR, according to 14 CFR 91.173.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class B airspace?
3 SM visibility, clear of clouds.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class C airspace?
3 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class D airspace?
3 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class E airspace below 10,000 ft. MSL?
3 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class E airspace at or above 10,000 ft. MSL?
5 SM visibility; 1,000 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 1 SM horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class G airspace at or below 1,200 ft. AGL during the day?
1 SM visibility, clear of clouds.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class G airspace at or below 1,200 ft. AGL at night?
3 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class G airspace above 1,200 ft. AGL but below 10,000 ft. MSL during the day?
1 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class G airspace above 1,200 ft. AGL but below 10,000 ft. MSL at night?
3 SM visibility; 500 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 2,000 ft. horizontal.
What are the basic VFR visibility and cloud clearance minimums for Class G airspace at or above 10,000 ft. MSL?
5 SM visibility; 1,000 ft. below, 1,000 ft. above, 1 SM horizontal.
What are the special VFR minimums?
1 SM visibility, clear of clouds, with an ATC clearance.
May you operate under special VFR at night?
Only if the pilot is instrument-rated and the aircraft is equipped for IFR flight.
What is the significance of a clearance void time?
You must be airborne by the specified time to avoid violating IFR separation rules.
When transitioning from VFR to IFR on a composite flight plan, when must you cancel the VFR portion?
When contacting the nearest FSS to request an IFR clearance.
Under what conditions may you deviate from an ATC clearance?
In case of an emergency
TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance) resolution advisory,
or with an amended clearance.
Is a VFR-on-top clearance a VFR clearance or an IFR clearance?
It is an IFR clearance requiring VFR conditions.
When operating with a VFR-on-top clearance, do VFR or IFR rules apply?
Both VFR and IFR rules apply.
How should you select your cruising altitude when operating with a VFR-on-top clearance?
Comply with appropriate VFR cruising altitudes.
Can your altitude be below the minimum IFR altitude when flying VFR-on-top?
No, it must be at or above the minimum IFR altitude.
Are VFR-on-top operations allowed in Class A airspace?
No, they are prohibited.
Describe the components of a holding pattern.
Happy Individuals Organize Holding Navigations For Needs
Happy = ___________ Fix
Individuals = _____________ Leg
Organize = ____________ Leg
Holding = Holding Side
Navigations = Non-Holding Side
For = ____________ End
Needs = Non-____________ End
Holding fix, inbound leg, outbound leg, holding side, non-holding side, fix end, non-fix end.
Which direction are turns made in a standard holding pattern?
Turns to the right.
Which direction are turns made in a nonstandard holding pattern?
Turns to the left.
What are the speed limits for holding patterns at different altitudes?
MHA-6,000 ft.: 200 kt; 6,001-14,000 ft.: 230 kt; 14,001 ft. and above: 265 kt.
How many holding pattern entries are there?
Three.
Describe a teardrop entry for a holding pattern.
Turn ___________ to a heading ___° off the outbound leg for __ minute, then turn to intercept the ___________ course.
Turn outbound to a heading 30° off the outbound leg for 1 minute, then turn to intercept the inbound course.
Describe a parallel entry for a holding pattern.
Turn to __________ the ___________ leg for __ minute, then turn opposite the pattern direction to intercept the inbound course.
Turn to parallel the outbound leg for 1 minute, then turn opposite the pattern direction to intercept the inbound course.
Describe a direct entry for a holding pattern.
Turn to the ___________ heading immediately after crossing the ______________ fix.
Turn to the outbound heading immediately after crossing the holding fix.
When should speed reductions be initiated for entering a holding pattern?
When ____ minutes or less from the holding fix.
When 3 minutes or less from the holding fix.
Is it mandatory to use a specific hold entry when entering a holding pattern?
No, any method can be used as long as the protected airspace is maintained.
What is the most common hold entry to make?
The direct entry.
What is the least common hold entry?
The teardrop entry.
How much wind correction should you apply on the outbound leg if you had 5° correction on the inbound leg?
____________ the inbound correction, so ___° for the outbound leg.
Triple the inbound correction, so 15° for the outbound leg.
How should you adjust the timing of the outbound leg to ensure the inbound leg is correct?
Adjust the outbound time by double the ____________ of the inbound leg from __ minute.
Adjust the outbound time by double the deviation of the inbound leg from 1 minute.
Under what conditions may timed approaches from a holding fix be conducted?
When a control tower is in operation, communication is maintained with ATC, and specific approach criteria are met.
What is a minimum safe/sector altitude (MSA)?
An altitude guaranteeing obstacle clearance but not navigational coverage.
On what ground object is a minimum safe/sector altitude (MSA) normally based?
The primary ____________ on which the approach is predicated (VOR, NDB).
The primary facility on which the approach is predicated (VOR, NDB).
What are the normal dimensions of the area in which an MSA is applicable?
Within a radius of 25 NM.
At what rate does ATC expect climbs and descents to be made unless otherwise authorized?
At the optimum rate until 1,000 ft. from the assigned altitude, then 500-1,500 fpm.
How many feet before the desired altitude should you lead the level-off during a climb?
Use 10% of your rate of climb as a lead factor.
What does it mean when you are cleared to climb “at pilot’s discretion”?
You may start the climb at any time and use any rate of climb.
What is the aircraft speed limit below 10,000 ft. MSL?
250 kt indicated airspeed.
What is the significance of primary vs. supporting instruments in attitude instrument flying?
Primary instruments provide the most useful information for pitch, bank, and power parameters.
