Aqueous humor fomation

Question 1

__________ is derived from an ultrafiltrate of blood.

Answer 1

Aqueous humor

Question 2

Aqueous humor contains less than 1% __________ content of blood plasma. Why?

Answer 2

Protein causes light scattering and would be detrimental to the eyes optical system.

Question 3

Aqueous humor formation… 2 steps

Answer 3

Ciliary body microvasculature
-Elaboration of a plasma filtrate
Ciliary epithelium
- Form aqueous humor from plasma filtrate
(these steps are not independent)

Question 4

The long posterior ciliary arteries and anterior ciliary arteries anastamose in the ciliary body stroma to form the ____________________.,

Answer 4

Major arterial circle of the Iris

Question 5

Anterior arterioles supply __________, posterior arterioles supply ___________.

Answer 5

stroma

ciliary muscle

Question 6

Gap junctions are important, for communication. If they break down what happens?

Answer 6

If they break down, you will have decrease in aqueous humor and a decrease in IOP.

Question 7

Blood aqueous barrier

Answer 7

Tight junctions between Non-pigmented ciliary epithelium
Although the tight junctions of the posterior iris pigment epithelium are not part of the blood-aqueous-barrier, they are important for preventing aqueous humor from passing from the anterior chamber through the iris to the posterior chamber.

Question 8

What is the consequence for iredectomy or iredotomy?

Answer 8

Cataracts

Question 9

Flow through the trabecular meshwork is __________ dependent.

Answer 9

pressure

Question 10

Trabecular meshwork is wedged shaped and sits in _________________.

Answer 10

internal scleral sulcus

Question 11

Longitudinal fibers of ciliary muscle extend into ______________.

Answer 11

trabecular meshwork

Question 12

During accommodation- ciliary muscle flexes pulling open the TM for _________ outflow.

Answer 12

increased

Question 13

Anterior part of Trabecular meshwork is considered _____________portion

Answer 13

non-filtering

Question 14

Posterior part of trabecular meshwork is considered _____________ portion.

Answer 14

filtering

Question 15

__________ reach up into and merge with the trabecular beams of the uveal meshwork. Iris processes do not impede aqueous outflow.

Answer 15

Iris Processes

Question 16

Trabecular meshwork is divided into 2 portions?

Answer 16

Uveal and corneoscleral meshwork

Question 17

Uveal meshwork faces the __________ chamber. 1-3 layers thick

Answer 17

anterior

Question 18

Corneoscleral meshwork is ______ to uveal meshwork. 8-15 layers thick. Channels become progressively smaller deeper into the tissue.

Answer 18

deep

Question 19

What are the flow of scleral venous plexuses?

Answer 19

Deep scleral venous plexus
Intrascleral venous plexus
Episcleral venous plexus

Question 20

What are the flow of scleral venous plexuses?

Answer 20

Deep scleral venous plexus
Intrascleral venous plexus
Episcleral venous plexus

Question 21

Uveoscleral outflow pathway is ___% of outflow and is ________ independent.

Answer 21

10

pressure

Question 22

How does uveoscleral outflow happen?

Answer 22

Aqueous humor enters ciliary body band and iris root, passes between bundles of muscle fibers of the ciliary body to enter the supraciliary space, aqueous is pumped through the sclera and episclera.

Question 23

You can manipulate aqueous outflow, what are a few examples?

Answer 23

Appha agonist= suppress aqueous humor formation
Pilocarpine= enhance outflow through trabecular pathway
Surgery- shunts/blebs
-laser trabeculoplasty