Aqua Therapy - Class 5 Flashcards
benefits of aqua therapy
allows for NWB or limited WB
promotes relaxation
decreases muscle spasms
increases ROM
improves circulation
efficiency in respiratory system & CO
lowers edema and lactate it muscle
who can benefit from aqua therapy
joint pain and stiffness
muscle spasms
back pain
OA/RA
fibromyalgia
lymphedema
systemic lupus erythematosis
why aquatic intervention
facilitate ROM
initiate resistance training
facilitate WB activities
allow use of manual techniques
facilitate CV exercise
initiate fxnal activity replication
minimize risk of injury or re-injury
minimize risk of injury or re-injury
enhance pt relaxation
precautions/contraindications
fear of water
neurological disorders
respiratory disorders
cardiac dysfxn
open wounds and lines
rashes
active infections
incontinence/menstruation
physical property #1
buoyancy
buoyancy
archimede’s principle
Archimedes’ principle
an immersed body experiences upward thrust equal to the volume of liquid displaced
clinical significance of buoyancy
provides pt w/ relative weightlessness and joint unloading
allows resistance to movement
body comp affects buoyancy
WB w/ immersion –> buoyancy
C7 –> 10%
xiphoid process –> 33%
ASIS –> 50%
buoyancy variable 1
position and direction of movement
position and direction of movement
activities in the water can be
assisted
supported
resisted
buoyancy variable 2
water depth
water depth
cam be altered to change the amount of assistance or resistance
buoyancy variable 3
lever arm length
lever arm length
can be adjusted to change the amount of assistance or resistance
buoyancy variable 4
equipment can increase the amount of assistance or resistance
physical property 2
hydrostatic pressure
hydrostatic pressure
occurs on immersed portions of body
clinical implications of hydrostatic pressure
increased pressure reduces or limits effusion
assists w/ venous return
induces bradycardia
centralized peripheral blood flow
physical property 3
viscosity
viscosity
friction occurring b/w the molecules of liquid
resulting in resistance to flow
what increases surface area
using a plow
physical property 4
thermodynamics
water retains heat _______ time greater than air
1000
water has a
increased ability to transfer heat energy
what does this property do –> thermodynamics
makes the use of water in rehab very versatile
cold plunge tanks
10-15 C
62-67 F
public and competitive pools
27-29 C
79-81 F
therapy pools
27-35 C
86-94 F
hot tubs
37.5-41 C
97.5-101 F
thermoneutral
34 C
93F
designing a aquatic program
safety
pool care
what should we choose for an aquatic program
appropriate water temp
appropriate depth
appropriate equipment
exercise for mobility impairment –> considerations
force of buoyancy
available ROM at joint
direction of desired motion
need for any flotation or weighted equipment
progress simple ROM exercises
use lever arm length and buoyant equipment
progress simple ROM exercises
toward activity limitations and disabilities
use lever arm length and buoyant equipment
increase or decrease the amount of assistance from the buoyancy
muscle strength, power and endurance impairments (1)
principles and progressions are the same on land
resistance is influenced by surface area and speed
leg and trunk stabilizers are necessary to counter many UE movements
traditional swimming strokes complement LE dominant exercises
muscle strength, power and endurance impairments (2)
shallow water running can be an excellent CV conditioning exercise
CV endurance can be increased by relying on principles of overload and progression same as in land - based programs
activity must be sufficient intensity and duration
deep-water activities are better for individuals with WBing limitations
balance impairment
ideal environment for balance training
variety of activities can be performed
loss of balance is slowed dramatically
allows for increased rxn time
aquatic rehab to treat activity limitations
as pt improves….
any impairments must be addressed concurrently
as normal mechanics improve…
as pt improves
modify activities to emphasize activity limitations
as mechanics improve
decrease water levels to replicate land-based environments involving more gravity
