Approaches P2 Flashcards
Do cognitive approach and biological approach
Who was Wilhelm Wundt?
Wilhelm Wundt is the father of modern psychology.
He separated psychology from philosophy and biology and became the first person to be called a psychologist.
He showed that introspection could be used to study mental states in replicable laboratory experiments.
He wrote the first psychology book and set up the first ever experimental lab that was for psychology only.
What is classical conditioning?
Learning by association
How did Pavlov discover classical conditioning?
Pavlov accidentally discovered classical conditioning when he was studying the digestive system of dogs.
He noticed patterns of when the dogs started salivating and connected it with them recognising the feeding routine.
What was the Little Albert Study?
Name two studies into classical conditioning
- Pavlov’s dogs
- Little Albert study by J.B.Watson
What is the Neutral Stimulus?
A neutral stimulus is a stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention.
What is the Unconditioned Response?
The unconditioned response is an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus.
What is the conditioned response?
The conditioned response is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
What was the experiment to prove social learning?
Bandura’s BoBo Doll
What is social learning theory?
Social learning theory is learning through observation.
What is operant conditioning?
Operant conditioning is learning through consequences
Describe the effects of Punishment, reinforcement and positive and negative.
What evidence is there for operant conditioning?
Skinner’s Pigeons
What is a fixed interval schedule?
What is a fixed-ratio schedule?
After a fixed number of repsonses you will get the reinforcement.
What is a variable-ratio schedule?
What is a variable-interval schedule?
