Approaches - Humanistic Flashcards
Intro to humanistic
Emerged in 1950s
Focus on human potential and personal growth
Maslow + Rogers
Emphasised personal experiences and free will
Core principals of Humanism
Emphasised on subjective experiences
Focus on personal growth and self-actualisation
Belief in free will and human potential
Rejection of purely scientific methods
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
Theory of human motivation
Pyramid structure of needs
Lower needs much be met before higher needs
- Physiological needs (food, water, sleep)
- Safety needs (security, stability)
- Love and belonging needs (relationships, acceptance)
- Esteem needs (respect, achievement)
- Self-actualisation (reaching full potential)
Self-actualisation
Fulfilling one’s full potential
Characteristics: acceptance, independence, spontaneity
Carl Rogers and self-concept
Focus on personal growth and self
Self-concept - how we see ourselves
Three components: self-image, idea, self, self-esteem
Congruence and Incongruence
Congruence: alignment between self-image and ideal self
Incongruence: mismatch between self-image and ideal self
Goal: achieve congruence for healthy self-concept
Conditions of worth
Standards placed on individuals by others
Can lead to low self-esteem if not met
Contrast with unconditional positive regard
CCT
Focus on client as expert on their own condition
Non-judgemental, supportive atmosphere
Therapist as guide, not expert with answers
Genuine ss of therapist
Empathy towards client
Unconditional positive regard
Free will in humanism
Emphasised on conscious control over one’s destiny
Humans as active agents in their lives
Ability to make choices within constraints
Criticisms of humanism
Lack of scientific rigor
Overly optimistic view of human nature
Difficulty in measuring concepts like SA
Cultural bias towards Western individualism
Impact + legacy of humanism
Influence on modern counselling techniques
Emphasised on personal growth in therapy
Contribution to positive psychology movement
