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NMSP > Approach to Seizures > Flashcards

Approach to Seizures Flashcards

1
Q

Seizures are ____ disorders

A

Episodic

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2
Q

What defines Epilepsy?

A

2+ UNprovoked seizures

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3
Q

What is the most important piece of information in order to diagnose Epilepsy?

A

HISTORY

– preferably by witnesses

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4
Q

What is the most important piece of information in order to diagnose Epilepsy?

A

HISTORY

– preferably by witnesses

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5
Q

What diagnostic test helps with the diagnosis of Epilepsy?

A

EEG

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6
Q

On a single EEG, the percent of positive findings varies. With what disorder and activating tool are EEGs usually positive for findings?

A

Petit Mal (Absence) with the use of hyperventilation

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7
Q

The percent of positive findings for most epilepsy types will increase with what?

A

3 sleep deprived EEGs

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8
Q

What are 3 Partial Seizure disorders?

A

Simple Partial
Complex Partial
Secondarily Generalized (partial onset)

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9
Q

What defines if a seizure is a Partial Seizure or not?

A

Partial Seizure activity BEGINS on 1 side of the brain!!

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10
Q

If the seizure activity begins on ONE side of the brain, what are the possible diagnoses?

A

PARTIAL Seizures

  1. Simple Partial
  2. Complex Partial
  3. Secondarily Generalized (partial onset)
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11
Q

What is a Secondarily Generalized (partial onset) seizure?

A

Seizure activity begins on ONE side of the brain but then spreads to the other side as well

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12
Q

What defines if a seizure is Generalized or not?

A

Generalized seizure activity beings on BOTH sides of the brain

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13
Q

Generalized seizures usually have an age of onset when?

A

Younger age of onset

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14
Q

Simple Partial Seizure

A

Focal motor/sensory activity

– NO loc or post-ictal state

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15
Q

Focal motor/sensory activity with NO loc or post-ictal state

A

Simple Partial Seizure

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16
Q

Nonresponsive staring that lasts a few minutes with (+) post-ictal state

A

Complex Partial Seizure

17
Q

Complex Partial Seizure

A

Nonresponsive staring that lasts a few minutes with (+) post-ictal state

18
Q

Secondary Generalized Seizure

A

Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with loc and post-ictal state

– what we think of as a seizure

19
Q

Absence Seizure

A

Nonresponsive staring, rapid blinking, chewing etc.

** NO post-ictal state!!

20
Q

Nonresponsive staring, rapid blinking or chewing etc. with NO post-ictal state

A

Absence Seizure

21
Q

Tonic-Clonic Seizure

A

Bilateral extension followed by jerking of extremities

22
Q

Bilateral extension followed by jerking of extremities

A

Tonic-Clonic Seizure

23
Q

Atonic Seizure

A

Loss of muscle tone/patient collapses

24
Q

Loss of muscle tone/patient collapses

A

Atonic seizure

25
Q

Myoclonic Seizure

A

Rapid jerking of extremities that lasts a few seconds

26
Q

Rapid jerking of extremities that lasts a few seconds

A

Myoclonic Seizure

27
Q

What Anti-epileptic Drug should NOT be used during pregnancy?

A

Valproic Acid

28
Q

What combo of drugs has been shown to be synergistic in the treatment of Generalized Seizures/Epilepsy?

A

Valproic Acid + Lamotrigine

29
Q

Condition characterized by prolonged seizure or repeated seizures without recovery in between

A

Status Epilepticus

30
Q

All women should be on a multivitamin with Folic Acid in it. Why is that important for women with epilepsy?

A

Anti-epileptic drugs deplete folate

31
Q

In general, besides valproic acid, the drug choice for a pregnant woman with epilepsy is?

A

The one that best controls her seizures

32
Q

What is Transient Global Amnesia?

A

Sudden and temporary loss of memory with NO other neuro signs

    • lasts a few hours and then resolves
    • usually an isolated event
33
Q

Sudden and temporary loss of memory with no other neuro signs that resolves after a few hours and likely does not recur

A

Transient Global Amnesia

NMSP (28 decks)

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