Application of Research Flashcards
what are punishments
when negative consequences follow a certain behaviour and reduce the chance of that behaviour happening again
what are prisons
a place where people are confined as a punishment
prisons take away the freedom, rights and privileges of criminals and criminals learn to avoid criminal behaviour in the future. the living conditions in prisons are poor and this is punishment.
what are fines
a monetary charge imposed on an individual who has committed an offence (minor crimes, e.g. traffic offences, damage to property)
money can be an incentive for committing certain types of crimes and the loss of funds has the opposite effect by being a discentive
what are community services
time that has to be given back to the community in the form of unpaid work
it is sometimes made obvious that they are doing community services, and the psychological punishments of shame and guilt are part of the process
what are deterrents
something that reduces the likelihood of a crime being committed
many people do not commit crimes because they want to avoid the negative consequences that they have seen others suffer
what is rehabilitation
the process of reintegrating a convicted person back into society, with the aim that they no longer want to commit crimes
what are pro-social behaviours
behaviours that involves us being caring, helping and sharing. We may show pro-social behaviour because we are concerned about the well-being of others around us
what is restorative justice
a way of rehabilitating offenders by giving them the choice to be aware of the consequences of their actions
what does punishment do
it is about reducing criminal and anti-social behaviours
what does rehabilitation do
it is about promoting pro-social behaviour
How does positive role models promote
offenders observe the actions of pro-social role models so they can learn how to behave. They may be reformed criminals themselves or people from similar backgrounds as the offenders but who have found success. They can be professionals who lead a training programme, perhaps to improve offenders’ social skills or to teach them how to manage their anger. They will demonstrate how to better deal with difficult situations and then get offenders to role play this.
