Applastic Anaemia

Question 1

What is applastic anaemia

Answer 1

Is the failure of the bone marrow to produce mature cells

Question 2

Characteristics of applastic anaemia

Answer 2

May occur at any age and either sex
Signs and symptoms may start rapid or slow
Liver spleen amd lymph nodes are not enlarged
Reduced marrow stem cells and increases fat spaces

Question 3

Causes of applastic anaemia

Answer 3

Acqured
Inherited

Question 4

Acquired causes of applastic anemia

Answer 4

1. Drugs. Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory
   2.radiations
2. Chemicals
3. Viruses
4. Pregnancy
5. Idiopathic

Question 5

Inherited(congenital) causes of applastic anemia

Answer 5

Fancon anaemia
Diamond blackfan anaemia

Question 6

Development of applastic anaemia( pathogenis)

Answer 6

Absent or defective stem cells
Abnormal marrow micro environment
Abnormal regulatory cells

Question 7

What common two traits are common in all various causes

Answer 7

1. Applastic anaemia due to any cause may recover after immunosuppressive therapy
2. Transition to a clonal disorder after recovery from bone marrow function

Question 8

What are the clinical features

Answer 8

1. Non specific.
   Bruising, infections
2. Hematological findings
   Pancytopenia: wbc< 2.0, Hb<10. Plat<100
   (

Question 9

State 3 classifications of applastic anaemia together with their absolute neutrophil count ANC

Answer 9

1. Non severe AA:> 0.5*10^9L
2. Severe AA: <0.5*10^9L
3. Very severe: <0.2*10^9/L

Question 10

Treatment of aplastic anaemia

Answer 10

Withdrawal from etiological treatment
Restoration of marrow activity
Androgens
Growth factors