Anaemia

Question 1

What is thalasemia anaemia

Answer 1

Inherited blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form of memoglobin

Question 2

What are the causes of thalassemia

Answer 2

1. Inherited
2. Mutation

Question 3

Types of Thalassemias

Answer 3

1. Alpha thalassemia
2. Beta thalassemia

Question 4

Characteristics of alpha thalassemia

Answer 4

1. Alpha globin chains are coded on chromosome 16
2. Each individual inherits 4 alpha genes, 2 maternal and 2 partenal

Question 5

What causes alpha thalassemia anaemia

Answer 5

Deletion of 1 or more of the 4 alpha globin genes

Question 6

Characteristics of Beta thalassemia

Answer 6

1. Beta globins chains are coded on chromosome 11
2. Individuals inherit two beta genes, one martenal and one partenal

Question 7

How is beta thalassemias occur

Answer 7

1. By the inheritance of defective beta gene, from 1 or more parents

Question 8

Two divisions of beta thalassemias

Answer 8

1. Beta major
2. Bet minor

Question 9

How is thalassemia anaemia diagnosed

Answer 9

1. Prenatal testing. Tests that are done before baby is born to find out if it has thalassemia
2. Chorionic villus sampling. Tiny piece of placenta is removed for evaluation
3. Aminiocentesis

Question 10

Laboratory findings

Answer 10

MCV are much lower
RDW is more severe
Microcytosis

Question 11

Treatment and managing thalassemias

Answer 11

Stem cell transplant
Frequent blood transfusion

Question 12

Clinical features

Answer 12

Enlarged spleen
Skeletal deformity
Fatigue
Abnormal swelling