Apoptosis & Immortailsation

Question 1

3 monitoring systems for p53 activation

Answer 1

Double strand breaks in chromosomal DNA
Single stranded DNA (ssDNA)
Aberrant growth signals

Question 2

What does p53 halt and attempts when activated?

Answer 2

Cell proliferation and attempts DNA repair

Question 3

How is apoptosis triggered?

Answer 3

Activation of p53

Question 4

How does p53 inactivation benefit tumours?

Answer 4

Survival in anoxic conditions
Accumulation of mutations
Promotes angiogenesis

Question 5

What dual pathways can inhibit p53?

Answer 5

AKt/PKB
PTEN
NFkB

Question 6

What is the Hayflick Limit?

Answer 6

Number of times a cell can divide before senescence

Question 7

What is senescence?

Answer 7

When a cell can no longer divide

Question 8

What are telomeres?

Answer 8

Long linear DNA strands caping ends of chromosomes

Protects chromosomal DNA from degradtation

Question 9

What are the differences between mice and human telomeres?

Answer 9

Mice telomeres are 5X longer than human ones