APGOVSUM18:Jonathan,Serna

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

He was a New York delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, a major author of the Federalist papers, and first secretary of the treasury of the United States (1789–95).

Question 2

Anti-Federalists

Answer 2

Anti-Federalists believed the Constitution granted too much power to the federal courts, at the expense of the state and local courts.

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

Legislative Branch - Organizations, powers, and restraints.

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

Executive Branch - Powers, duties, restraints, and election of the President

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

Judicial Branch - Powers, restraints, and the definition of Treason

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

Relation of the states to each other and to the federal government, guarantees to the states, and government of the territories.

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

Method of Amending the Constitution. Guarantee of equal representation of the states in the U.S. Senate.

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

Provision for national debts. Supremacy of the United States Constitution, federal laws and treaties. Pledge of national and state officials to uphold the constitution. No religious test required as qualification for public office

Question 9

Articles of Confederation

Answer 9

the original constitution of the US, ratified in 1781, which was replaced by the US Constitution in 1789.

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

He was a Founding Father and a polymath, inventor, scientist, printer, politician, Freemason and diplomat.

Question 11

Bill of Rights

Answer 11

It is the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, ratified in 1791 and guaranteeing such rights as the freedoms of speech, assembly, and worship.

Question 12

Checks and Balances

Answer 12

Counterbalancing influences by which an organization or system is regulated, typically those ensuring that political power is not concentrated in the hands of individuals or groups.

Question 13

Common Sense

Answer 13

Common Sense is a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775-76 that inspired people in the Thirteen Colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Britain in the summer of 1776.

Question 14

Constitution

Answer 14

The basic written set of principles and precedents of federal government in the US, which came into operation in 1789 and has since been modified by twenty-seven amendments.

Question 15

Constitutional Convention

Answer 15

The gathering that drafted the Constitution of the United States in 1787; all states were invited to send delegates. The convention, meeting in Philadelphia, designed a government with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

Question 16

Crispus Attucks

Answer 16

It was an African-American man killed during the Boston Massacre and thus believed to be the first casualty of the American Revolution.

Question 17

Critical Period

Answer 17

Periods when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties.

Question 18

Declaration of Independence

Answer 18

Tthe formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain.

Question 19

Electoral College

Answer 19

A body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president.

Question 20

Enumerated Powers

Answer 20

The powers of the federal government that are specifically described in the Constitution which describe how a central government with three distinct branches can operate.

Question 21

Federalism

Answer 21

Federalism is a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government.

Question 22

Federalists

Answer 22

a member of a major political party in the early years of the U.S. that wanted a strong central government.

Question 23

The Federalist Papers

Answer 23

They are a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the pseudonym “Publius” to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution.

Question 24

First Continental Congress

Answer 24

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies who met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters’ Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution.

Question 25

French and Indian War

Answer 25

A series of military engagements between Britain and France in North America between 1754 and 1763.

Question 26

Full Faith and credit clause

Answer 26

It states that the various states must recognize legislative acts, public records, and judicial decisions of the other states within the United States.

Question 27

George Washington

Answer 27

He was commander in chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War (1775-83) and served two terms as the first U.S. president, from 1789 to 1797.

Question 28

Great Compromise

Answer 28

the agreement by which Congress would have two houses, the Senate where each state gets equal representation two senators and the House of Representatives where representation is based on population.

Question 29

Implied Powers

Answer 29

They are powers not explicitly named in the Constitution but assumed to exist due to their being necessary to implement the expressed powers that are named in Article I.

Question 30

Inherent Powers

Answer 30

They are those powers that Congress and the president need in order to get the job done right. Although not specified in the Constitution, they are reasonable powers that are a logical part of the powers delegated to Congress and the president.

Question 31

James Madison

Answer 31

He wrote the first drafts of the U.S. Constitution, co-wrote the Federalist Papers and sponsored the Bill of Rights. He established the Democrat-Republican Party with President Thomas Jefferson, and became president himself in 1808.

Question 32

John Jay

Answer 32

was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, negotiator and signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, second Governor of New York, and the first Chief Justice of the United States

Question 33

Lexington and Concord

Answer 33

In April 1775, when British troops are sent to confiscate colonial weapons, they run into an untrained and angry militia. This ragtag army defeats 700 British soldiers and the surprise victory bolsters their confidence for the war ahead.

Question 34

Mercantilism

Answer 34

The belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism.

Question 35

Montesquieu

Answer 35

He was a French political analyst who lived during the Age of Enlightenment. He is best known for his thoughts on the separation of powers.

Question 36

Necessary and Proper clause

Answer 36

A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution.

Question 37

New Jersey Plan

Answer 37

It was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787.

Question 38

New world

Answer 38

The New World is a name used for the Western Hemisphere. It specifically refers to the Americas.

Question 39

Political Culture

Answer 39

Political culture is the set of attitudes, beliefs, and sentiments which give order and meaning to a political process and which provide the underlying assumptions and rules that govern behavior in the political system. It encompasses both the political ideals and the operating norms of a polity.

Question 40

Samuel Adams

Answer 40

Adams helped formulate resistance to the Stamp Act and played a vital role in organizing the Boston Tea Party. He was a second cousin of U.S. President John Adams, with whom he urged a final break from Great Britain, and a signee of the U.S. Declaration of Independence.

Question 41

Second Continental Congress

Answer 41

The Second Continental Congress was a convention of delegates from the 13 colonies that formed in Philadelphia in May 1775, soon after the launch of the American Revolutionary War.

Question 42

Separation of Powers

Answer 42

An act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies.

Question 43

Shays’s Rebellion

Answer 43

Shays’ Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts, mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels in a protest against perceived economic and civil rights injustices.

Question 44

Social contract theory

Answer 44

The voluntary agreement among individuals by which, according to any of various theories, as of Hobbes, Locke, or Rousseau, organized society is brought into being and invested with the right to secure mutual protection and welfare or to regulate the relations among its members.

Question 45

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 45

The Daughters of Liberty signifies the formal women Patriot association that was formed in 1765 to protest the Stamp Act and later the Townshend Acts, as well as a general term for women who identified themselves as fighting for liberty during the American Revolution.

Question 46

Stamp Act Congress

Answer 46

It was a meeting held between October 7 and 25, 1765, in New York City consisting of representatives from some of the British colonies in North America; it was the first gathering of elected representatives from several of the American colonies to devise a unified protest against new British taxation.

Question 47

Supremacy clause

Answer 47

It assures that the Constitution and federal laws and treaties take precedence over state law and binds all judges to adhere to that principle in their courts.

Question 48

Thomas jefferson

Answer 48

He was a draftsman of the U.S. Declaration of Independence; the nation’s first secretary of state (1789-94); second vice president (1797-1801); and, as the third president (1801-09), the statesman responsible for the Louisiana Purchase.

Question 49

Thomas Paine

Answer 49

Thomas Paine was an English American writer and pamphleteer whose “Common Sense” and other writings influenced the American Revolution, and helped pave the way for the Declaration of Independence.

Question 50

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 50

Three Fifths Compromise, that slaves should be counted at three fifths of their real number. The Three Fifths Compromise resolved the issue of counting slaves towards population in regards to representation in the House of Representatives.

Question 51

Virginia Plan

Answer 51

The Virginia Plan proposed a strong central government composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.