APGOV,CH6,Jonathan Serna Flashcards
Reconciliation
a procedure that allows consideration of controversial issues affecting the budget by limiting debate to twenty hours, thereby ending threat of a filibuster.
Sentence: I think that reconciliation is a good procedure.
Pork
Legislation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts in the form of public works programs, military bases, or other programs.
Sentence: The pork legislation is really good for the economy.
Programmatic requests
Federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional district. Also referred to as earmarks.
Sentence: The programmatic request is that the federal funds is greatly impacted.
Divided government
the political condition in which different political parties control the presidency and at least one house of congress.
Sentence:The government is divided into different branches.
War Powers Resolution
Passed by congress in 1973; the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a sixty-day period in peacetime unless Congress explicitly gives its approval for a longer period.
Sentence: Resolutions for the war had to be made for their to be progress.
Congressional review-
a process whereby Congress can nullify agency regulations within 60-day window by passing a joint resolution of legislative approval. The president’s approval of the resolution or a two-thirds majority vote in both houses to overrule a presidential veto is also required.
Sentence: The congressional review is good because it helps the society see what is going on.
Senatorial courtesy
a process by which presidents generally allow senators from the state in which a judicial vacancy occurs to block a nomination by simply registering their objection.
Sentence: The senatorial courtesy is generally allowed for senators.
Unified government
the political condition in which the same political party controls the presidency and Congress.
Sentence: The political government is always unified in peaceful times.
Logrolling
vote trading; voting to support a colleague’s bill in return for a promise of future support.
Sentence: Log rolling is a support of the colleague bill which is good.
Congressional Research Service
Created in 1914, the non-partisan CRS provides information, studies, and research in support of the work of Congress, and prepares summaries and tracks the progress of all bill.
Sentence: The congressional research service is in support of the work of congress.
Government Accountability Office
of all bill.
Government Accountability Office- Established in 1921, the GAO is an independent regulatory agency for the purpose of auditing the financial expenditures of the executive branch and federal agencies; until 2004, the GOA was known as the General Accounting Office…
Sentence: This bill helps the economy increases the governments stability in the economy.
Congressional Budget Office
Created in 1974, the CBO provides Congress with evaluations of the potential economic effects of proposed spending policies and also analyzes the president’s budget and economic projections.
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Apportionment
The process of allotting congregational seats to each state according to its proportion of the population, following the decennial census.
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Impeachment
The power delegated to the HOuse of REpresentatives in the Constitution to or other ̈civil officers ̈, including federal judges, with ̈Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors ̈. This is the first constitutional process of removing government officials from office.
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impeachment
The power delegated to the House of representatives in the Constitution to or other ̈civil officers ̈, including federal judges, with ̈Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors ̈. This is the first constitutional process of removing government officials from office.
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Bicameral legislature
A two house legislature.
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Edmund Burke
Conservative British political philosopher of the eighteenth century who articulated the view that elected representative should act as ̈̈trustees̈ and use their own best judgement when voting.
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Trustee
Role played by an elected representative who listens to constituents ́ opinions and then uses his or her best judgement to make a final decision.
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Delegate
Role played by a representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention.
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Politico-
An elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate, depending on the issue.
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Incumbency
Already holding an office.
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Redistricting
The process of redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats allotted to the states, as well as population shifts within a state.
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Gerrymandering
The drawing of congressional districts to produce a particular electoral outcome without regard to the shape of the district.
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Majority party
The political party in each house of Congress with the most members.
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Minority Party
The political party in each house of congress with the second most members
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Party Caucus
a formal gathering of all party members
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Speaker of the house
The only offer of the house of representatives specifically mentioned in the constitution; the chambers most powerful position; traditionally a member of the majority party.
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Majority leader
The head of the party controlling the most seats in the house of representatives or the senate; is second most authority to the speaker of the house and in the senate is regarded as its most powerful member.
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Minority leader
the head if the party with the second highest number of elected representatives in the House of Representatives or the senate.
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Whip
Party leader who keeps close contact with all members of his or her party takes vote counts on key legislation prepare summaries of bills and acts like a communications link within party
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Presidential pro tempore-
The official chair of the Senate usually the most senior member of the majority party
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Standing committee
Committee to which proposed bills are referred continue someone Congress to the next
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Joint committee
Standing committee that includes members from both houses of Congress set up to conduct investigations or special study
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Conference committee
Special joint committee created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the house and the senate
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Select committee
Temporary committee appointed for a specific purpose
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Hillary Clinton
First female major party candidate for president of the United States, a democrat, who ran against president Donald J Trump in 2016. Secretary of state from 2009 to 2013; new york senator from 2001 to 2009; former first lady
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House Committee on Rules
the influential “Rules Committee” determines the scheduling and conditions, such as length of debate and type of allowable amendments for all bills in the House of Representatives
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Discharge petition
petition that gives a majority of the House of Representatives the authority to bring an issue to the floor in the face of committee inaction
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Seniority
time of continuous service on a committee
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Markup
a session in which committee members offer changes to a bill before it goes to the floor
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Committee of the Whole
a procedure that allows the House of Representatives to deliberate with a lower quorum and to expedite cosidetaio and amendment of a bill.
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Hold
a procedure by which a senator asks to be informed before a particular bill or nomination is brought to the floor. This request signals leadership that a member may have objections to the bill and should be consulted before further action is taken
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Filibuster
a formal way of halting senate action on a bill by means of long speeches or unlimited debate.
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Cloture
mechanism requiring the vote of sixty senators to cut off debate.
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Veto
the formal constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of Congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action.
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Pocket veto
if Congress adjourns during the ten days the president has to consider a bill passed by both houses of congress, the bill is considered vetoed without the president’s signature.
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Richard M. Nixon
the 37th president a republican, who served from 1969-1974. Nixon advocated detente during the Cold War and resigned rather than face impeachment and likely removal from office due to the Watergate scandal.
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Congressional Budget Act of 1974
act that established the congressional budgetary process by laying out a plan for congressional action on the annual budget resolution, appropriations, reconciliation, and any other revenue bills.
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