APGOV,CH16,Jonathan.S, Flashcards
Defense policy
public policy dealing with international security and the military. It comprises the measures and initiatives that governments do or do not take in relation to decision-making and strategic goals, such as when and how to commit national armed forces.
Sentence: The defense policy is really strong as it is right now.
Department of defense
an executive branch department of the federal government charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces.
Sentence: The department of defense helps us from any types of attacks.
Department of homeland security
a cabinet department of the U.S. federal government with responsibilities in public security, roughly comparable to the interior or home ministries of other countries.
Sentence:Homeland security helps the us from cyber attacks.
Department of state
A department of the federal executive branch primarily responsible for making and conducting foreign policy. It is commonly called the State Department and is headed by the secretary of state.
Sentence: The department of state is in charge of many important things such as foreign policy.
Detente
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.
Sentence:North Korea and the us have a detente.
Deterrence
the action of discouraging an action or event through instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.
Sentence: North Korea has deterrence put in place
European union
The European Union is a group of 28 countries that operates as a cohesive economic and political block. Nineteen of the countries use the euro as their official currency.
Sentence: The European union is in place to make political policy easier.
Farewell Address
He wrote the address in 1796 but never delivered it. Washington discussed the dangers of divisive party politics and warned strongly against permanent alliances between the United States and other countries.
Sentence: The farewell address is the only time where we last hear something from George Washington.
Foreign policy
a government’s strategy in dealing with other nations.
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Foreign policy realism
Realism is an approach to the study and practice of international politics. … National power has an absolute meaning since it can be defined in terms of military, economic, political, diplomatic, or even cultural resources.
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free trade system
Free trade is a policy to eliminate discrimination against imports and exports. Buyers and sellers from different economies may voluntarily trade without a government applying tariffs, quotas, subsidies or prohibitions on goods and services.
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General agreement on tariffs and Trade (GATT)
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was a legal agreement between many countries, whose overall purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas.
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Global war on terror
involving open and covert military operations, new security legislation, efforts to block the financing of terrorism, and more.
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Gulf war
A war between the forces of the United Nations, led by the United States, and those of Iraq that followed Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990.
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human rights
a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person.
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free policy Idealism
Idealism in foreign policy holds that a state should make its internal political philosophy the goal of its foreign policy.
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International Monetary Fund (IMF)
an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of “189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation
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Iraq war
A protracted military conflict in Iraq that began in 2003 with an attack by a coalition of forces led by the United States and that resulted in the overthrow of Saddam Hussein’s regime.
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Iron curtain
a notional barrier separating the former Soviet bloc and the West prior to the decline of communism that followed the political events in eastern Europe in 1989.
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ISIS
is a militant organization that emerged as an offshoot of al Qaeda in 2014. It quickly took control of large parts of Iraq and Syria, raising its black flag in victory and declaring the creation of a caliphate and imposing strict Islamic rule.
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isolationism
a policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interests of other groups, especially the political affairs of other countries.
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joint chief of staff
a military advisory group composed of the chiefs of staff of the army and air force, the chief of naval operations, and sometimes the commandant of the marine corps.
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Korean war
A war, also called the Korean conflict, fought in the early 1950s between the United Nations, supported by the United States, and the communist Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
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League of nations
The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
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manifest destiny
the 19th-century doctrine or belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.
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Marshall plan
was an American initiative passed in 1948 to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $12 billion (nearly $100 billion in 2016 US dollars) in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.
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military-industrial complex
a country’s military establishment and those industries producing arms or other military materials, regarded as a powerful vested interest.
Monroe doctrine
a principle of US policy, originated by President James Monroe in 1823, that any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a potentially hostile act against the US.
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National security council
A National Security Council (NSC) is usually an executive branch governmental body responsible for coordinating policy on national security issues and advising chief executives on matters related to national security.
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North american free trade agreement (NAFTA)
an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.
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Protectionism
the theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
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Reagan Doctrine
Under the Reagan Doctrine, the United States provided overt and covert aid to anti-communist guerrillas and resistance movements in an effort to “roll back” Soviet-backed pro-communist governments in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
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Roosevelt Corollary
the Roosevelt Corollary was an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address in 1904 after the Venezuela Crisis of 1902–03.
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September 11
On September 11, 2001, a group of Islamic terrorists, widely believed to be part of the Al Qaeda network, hijacked three commercial airliners in midair, took over the controls, and deliberately crashed them into the Pentagon and the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in Manhattan
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Strategic trade policy
Strategic Trade Policy (STP) is defined as government policy which attempts to shift excess profits in an oligopolistic international markets towards the home country firms.
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tariffs
a tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports. Sentence:
Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP)
is a defunct proposed trade agreement between Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, and the United States
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Truman Doctrine
the principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or Communist insurrection. First expressed in 1947 by US President Truman in a speech to Congress seeking aid for Greece and Turkey, the doctrine was seen by the Communists as an open declaration of the Cold War.
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UN Security Council
The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. It has 15 Members, and each Member has one vote.
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United nations
The United Nations is an international organization formed in 1945 to increase political and economic cooperation among its member countries.
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (1955–75) was a Cold War conflict pitting the U.S. and the remnants of the French colonial government in South Vietnam against the indigenous but communist Vietnamese independence movement,
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War Powers resolution
is a federal law intended to check the president’s power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress.
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World bank
With 189 member countries, the World Bank Group is a unique global partnership fighting poverty worldwide through sustainable solutions.
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World Trade Organization (WTO)
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.
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world war 1
a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918.
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world war 2
World War II. A war fought from 1939 to 1945 between the Axis powers Germany, Italy, and Japan and the Allies, including France and Britain, and later the Soviet Union and the United States.
Sentence:World War II was the deadliest conflict in all of human history.
