ApGovernmentchapter12Ayasha.Hussain

Question 1

501 (c) group

Answer 1

Groups that are exempted from reporting their contributions and can receive unlimited contributions. Section 501c of the tax code specifies that such groups cannot spend more than half their funds on political activities

Question 2

527 Political Committees

Answer 2

Independent political groups that are not subject to contribution restrictions because they do not directly seek the election of particular candidates. Section 527 of the tax code specifies that contributions to such groups must be reported to the IRS

Question 3

Barack Obama

Answer 3

Barack Obama is an American attorney and politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017

Question 4

Bernie Sanders

Answer 4

Bernard Sanders is an American politician serving as the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007.

Question 5

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA)

Answer 5

Banned soft money donations to political parties (loophole from FECA); also imposed restrictions on 527 independent expenditures (issue ads only, not direct advocacy for a candidate). Declared unconstitutional by Citizens United case. Also known as the McCain-Feingold Act

Question 6

Campaign consultant

Answer 6

sells a candidate the technologies, services, and strategies required to get that candidate elected

Question 7

Campaign Manager

Answer 7

travels with the candidate and coordinates the many different aspects of the campaign

Question 8

Citizens United v. FEC

Answer 8

corporations have a 1st Amendment right to expressly support political candidates for Congress and the White House

Question 9

closed primary

Answer 9

A primary election in which voters must first declare to which party they belong

Question 10

communications director

Answer 10

develops an overall media strategy for the candidate

Question 11

contrast ad

Answer 11

states differences between candidates, with a bias to the person buying the ad PM

Question 12

conventional political participation

Answer 12

relatively routine political behavior that uses institutional channels and is acceptable to the dominant culture

Question 13

crossover voting

Answer 13

Participation in the primary of a party with which the voter is not affiliated

Question 14

Donald J .Trump

Answer 14

Donald John Trump is the 45th and current President of the United States.

Question 15

Elector

Answer 15

one qualified to vote in an election. 2 : one entitled to participate in an election: such as. a : any of the German princes entitled to take part in choosing the Holy Roman Emperor. b : a member of the electoral college in the U.S.

Question 16

Electorate

Answer 16

An electorate is a body of people allowed to vote in an election. In the United States, when you turn eighteen,

Question 17

Electorate college

Answer 17

The Electoral College is an indirect system for electing the United States president using Electoral College votes.

Question 18

Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA )

Answer 18

A law passed in 1974 for reforming campaign finances. The act created the Federal Election Commission, provided public financing for presidential primaries and general elections, limited presidential campaign spending, required disclosure, and attempted to limit contributions.

Question 19

Federal Election Commission (FEC)

Answer 19

A six-member bipartisan agency created by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974. It administers and enforces campaign finance laws.

Question 20

Finance Chair

Answer 20

The campaign professional who directs fundraising, campaign spending, and compliance with campaign-finance laws and reporting requirements

Question 21

front loading

Answer 21

The recent tendency of states to hold primaries early in the calendar in order to capitalize on media attention.

Question 22

general election

Answer 22

voters decide which candidates will fill elective public offices

Question 23

get-out-the-vote

Answer 23

GOTV push at the end of a campaign to encourage supporters to go to polls

Question 24

Help America Vote Act (HAVA)

Answer 24

Passed in 2002, designed to create a more uniform voting system. Afforded states to shift from older voting machines to the touchscreens used in most states today.

Question 25

Hillary R.Clinton

Answer 25

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician, diplomat, lawyer, writer, and public speaker

Question 26

Incumbency

Answer 26

Holding a political office for which one is running

Question 27

Independent expenditures

Answer 27

The Supreme Court has ruled that individuals, groups, and parties can spend unlimited amounts in campaigns for or against candidates as long as they operate independently from the candidates. When an individual, group, or party does so, they are making an independent expenditure.

Question 28

initiative

Answer 28

the ability to assess and initiate things independently.

Question 29

inoculation ad

Answer 29

Coverage of a candidate’s campaign by the news media. Television advertising on behalf of a candidate that is broadcast in sixty ,thirty, or ten-second duration.

Question 30

Mandate

Answer 30

Requirements that direct states and local governments to provide additional services under the threat of penalties or as a condition of the the receipt of federal grant money. For example the drinking age within states.

Question 31

Matching funds

Answer 31

Matching funds are funds that are set to be paid in equal amount to funds available from other sources. Matching fund payments usually arise in situations of charity or public good.

Question 32

McCutcheon v. FEC

Answer 32

McCutcheon v. Federal Election Commission, 572 U.S. 185, is a landmark campaign finance decision of the United States Supreme Court.

Question 33

mid-term election

Answer 33

Election in the United States in which members of the united states congress and some legislatures and governors are elected.

Question 34

Negative ad

Answer 34

Advertising on behalf of a candidate that attacks the opponent’s platform or character

Question 35

open primary

Answer 35

A primary election in which voters must first declare to which party they belong

Question 36

poltical action committe (PAC)

Answer 36

An organization that raises money privately and employs lobbyists to influence legislation.

Question 37

Pollster

Answer 37

a person who conducts or analyzes opinion polls.

Question 38

Positive Ad

Answer 38

Advertising on behalf of a candidate that stresses the candidate’s qualifications, family, and issue positions, without reference to the opponent

Question 39

Presidential coattails

Answer 39

these occur when voters cast their ballots for congressional candidates of the president’s party because they support the president.

Question 40

press secretary

Answer 40

The White House Press Secretary is a senior White House official whose primary responsibility is to act as spokesperson for the executive branch of the United States government administration, especially with regard to the President, senior executives, and policies

Question 41

Primary elcetion

Answer 41

A preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen.

Question 42

prospective judgment

Answer 42

a voter’s evaluation of the performance of the party in power.

Question 43

public funds

Answer 43

The term public fund also covers the revenue or money of a government, state, or municipal corporation.

Question 44

reapportionment

Answer 44

The act of reapportioning or the state of being reapportioned.

Question 45

recall

Answer 45

A recall election is a procedure by which, in certain polities, voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before that official’s term has ended.

Question 46

referendum

Answer 46

A general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a dialect decision.

Question 47

retrospective judgment

Answer 47

a voter’s evaluation of the performance of the party in power

Question 48

runoff primary

Answer 48

a second primary election held in some states to decide which of the two highest candidates for an office in the first primary will be awarded the party nomination.

Question 49

super PAC

Answer 49

Technically known as independent expenditure-only committees, super PACs may raise unlimited sums of money from corporations, unions, associations and individuals, then spend unlimited sums to overtly advocate for or against political candidates.

Question 50

turnout

Answer 50

the proportion of the voting age public that votes, sometimes defined as the number of registered voters that vote.

Question 51

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 51

Jefferson was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and served as president from 1801 to 1809, between John Adams and James Madison.

Question 52

unconventional political participation

Answer 52

Relatively uncommon political behavior that challenges or defies established institutions and dominant norms

Question 53

voter canvass

Answer 53

That part of a political campaign aimed at winning a general election. voter canvass. The process by which a campaign reaches individual voters, either by door to door solicitation or by telephone.