APGOVAyashaHussainChapter9 Flashcards
amicus curiae
the friend of the court”; briefs that may be sent to support the position of one side or the other
Sentence:
The amicus briefs urged the court to consider a reduction in the defendant’s murder sentence.
appellate court
Appellate courts are the part of the judicial system that is responsible for hearing and reviewing appeals from legal cases that have already been heard in a trial-level or other lower court.
Sentence:
The judges have appellate jurisdiction of cases civil and criminal coming up from the lower courts.
appellate jurisdiction
a court that hears a case on appeal from a lower court
Sentence:
The judges have appellate jurisdiction of cases civil and criminal coming up from the lower courts.
brief
Legal document submitted to the court setting forth the facts of a case and supporting a particular position
Sentence:
She wrapped her arms around her knees and closed her eyes for a brief rest.
constitutional courts
Federal courts created by Congress under Article III of the Constitution, including the district courts, courts of appeals, & specialized courts such as the U.S. Court of International Trade
Sentence:
the Supreme Court of the United States has been called the world’s oldest constitutional court because it was one of the earliest courts in the world to invalidate a law as unconstitutional
dissesenting opinions
Justice/justices who disagree with the majority opinion
Sentence:
Whilst everyone likes having an opinion resonate with others, it is incredibly important to hear any dissenting opinion so that you can temper your point of view.
chisholm v. georgia
1793 granted federal courts the affirmative power to hear disputes between private citizens and States
Sentence:
The case Chisholm v. Georgia was about private citizens.
concurring opinons
Justice/justices who agree on with the majority’s opinion but not with the reason behind the decision.
Sentence:
If any of the judges in a case agree with the ultimate decision of the majority but for different reasons, he or she may write a concurring opinion, stating how this conclusion was reached.
elena kagen
11th Dean of Harvard Law School and the 45th U.S. Solicitor General
Sentence: Elena Kagen 2010 was the Year joined in the Supreme Court
eleventh amendment
no state may be sued by a resident of another state
the government has to allow itself to be sued
Sentence:
The Eleventh Amendment was put into the after the ruling in the 1793 Supreme Court case Chisholm v. Georgia.
federalist
Powers that are shared and divided among federal and sub-divisional government (state/local)
Sentence:
Hamilton’s death marked the end of the Federalists as a power in New York.
john jay
He was the second president of the United States and a Federalist. He was responsible for passing the Alien and Sedition Acts. Prevented all-out war with France after the XYZ Affair.
Sentence: John jay passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts, which severely hurt the popularity of the Federalist party and himself
john marshall
Chief justice of the supreme court.
Sentence: John Marshall was the chief justice of the supreme court.
judicial activism
a philosophy of judicial decision-making whereby judges allow, mainly, their personal views about public policy to guide their decisions
Sentence:
The controversy between judicial activism and judicial restraint is still heavily debated.
judicial implementation
how and whether court decisions are translated into actual policy, thereby affecting the behavior of others; the courts rely on other units of government to enforce their decisions.
Sentence:
Judicial implementation is when the court decisions are translated into actual policy.
