AP08 Posture, Balance, and Gait

Question 1

Name 3 types of nystagmus

Answer 1

horizontal
vertical
rotary

Question 2

Name 4 signs of sensory ataxia

Answer 2

difficulty touching finer to nose with closed eyes
inability to sense vibrations
trouble walking in dim light
walking with a ‘heavy step’

Question 3

What test is used to diagnose sensory ataxia?

Answer 3

Romberg Test

Question 4

What causes neurologicla symptoms with syphilis?

Answer 4

demyelination of dorsal columns at the lumbosacral and lower thoracic levels

Question 5

What is tabetic gait?

Answer 5

feet slap ground and patient watches feet

Question 6

what infection might cause visual impairment, deafness, and slurred speech?

Answer 6

syphilis

Question 7

What infectious diseases may cause sensory ataxia?

Answer 7

tabes dorsalis

HIV

Question 8

What autoimmune condition may cause sensory ataxia?

Answer 8

MS

Question 9

what metabolic disease may cause sensory ataxia?

Answer 9

diabetes

Question 10

What toxic substance may cause sensory ataxia?

Answer 10

cisplatin

Question 11

What hereditary disease may cause sensory ataxia?

Answer 11

Friedrichs Ataxia

Question 12

What is disdiadochokinesia?

Answer 12

medical term for impaired ability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 13

What is disdiadochokinesia a feature of?

Answer 13

cerebellar ataxia

Question 14

How do cerebellar lesions affect muscle stretch reflexes?

Answer 14

impairment

Question 15

Which reflexes may be seen in cerebellar disease?

Answer 15

pendular reflexes

Question 16

Name 3 structures in the internal acoustic meatus

Answer 16

facial nerve
vestibulocochlear nerve
labyrinthine artery

Question 17

What does the labyrinthine artery supply?

Answer 17

blood to vestibular apparatus and ochlea of internal ear

also CN VII and VIII

Question 18

Name 4 symptoms of labyrinthine artery occlusion

Answer 18

sudden profound hearing loss
vertigo
nausea
tinnitus

Question 19

Name 4 symptoms of vesitbular nerve lesion

Answer 19

vertigo
naeusea
nystagmus
loss of equilibrium

Question 20

What would you call pathology to vestibular branch of vestibulocochlear nerve?

Answer 20

vestibular neuritis

Question 21

What would you call pathology to the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

Answer 21

labrynthitis

Question 22

Name 2 symptoms of labyrinthitis

Answer 22

sensorineural hearing loss

tinnitus

Question 23

Name 7 symptoms of total facial nerve occlusion

Answer 23

asymmetry
atrophy
tear overflow
smooth forehead
drooping corner of mouth
can't close eyes
food accumulates in vestibule

Question 24

How might you differentiate Bell’s Palsy and Stroke?

Answer 24

Bell’s palsy (half of face)

Stroke (quarter of face)

Question 25

What is tarsorrhaphy?

Answer 25

joining of part or all of lower and upper eyelids to partially or completely close the eye

Question 26

Why might tarsorrhaphy be done?

Answer 26

to protect the cornea
damage to eyelids
proptosis

Question 27

What are the 4 main symptoms of Parkinson’s?

Answer 27

termor
slow movement
stiffness
inflexible muscles

Question 28

Name a sort of tremor occurring in the fingers

Answer 28

pill rolling

Question 29

Name 2 types of regidity in Parkinson’s

Answer 29

Cogwheel rigidity

Lead-pipe rigidity

Question 30

Describe cogwheel rigidity

Answer 30

jerky resistance to passive movements as muscles tense and relax
rigidity and tremor superimposed

Question 31

DEscribe lead-pipe rigidity

Answer 31

sustained resistance to passive movement throughout the whole range of motion, no fluctuations

Question 32

How does Parkinson’s affect muscle power?

Answer 32

fatigue easier

disuse atrophy

Question 33

what does a positive Babinski response suggest?

Answer 33

corticospinal (pyramidal) tract dysfunction