AP01 Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What is hysterosalpingography used for?

Answer 1

assessing uterine mrphology and tubual patency in instances of infertility

Question 2

When would you perform a hysterosalpingography?

Why?

Answer 2

proliferative days (6-12)

endometrium thinnest
minimises chance of pregnancy

Question 3

During a hysterosalpingography, if you suspect a patient is pregnant, what might you do?

Answer 3

hCG test

Question 4

Name 2 perineal pouches in males

Answer 4

Supravesicle fossa

Recto-vesicle pouch

Question 5

Name 3 perineal pouches in females

Answer 5

Supravesicle fossa
vesico-uterine pouch
Recto-uterine pouch of douglas

Question 6

What is the uterine tube connected to the broad ligament by?

Answer 6

mesophalynx

Question 7

Give another name for the broad ligament

Answer 7

mesometrium

Question 8

What do the internal and external os contain?

Answer 8

the endocervical canal

Question 9

Name 3 layers of the uterine wall

Answer 9

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

Question 10

What structure does the round ligament pass through, and where does it attach after this?

Answer 10

inguinal canal

labia majora

Question 11

What are the ovarian artery and vein enclosed in?

Answer 11

suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 12

What is Mittelschmirz pain?

Answer 12

one sided lower abdominal pain during ovulation

Question 13

Where do most ectopic pregnancies occur?

Answer 13

Ampulla

Question 14

How might ectopic pregnancy present?

Answer 14

one sided hypogastric pain

referred to abdomen, or to shoulder (phrenic nerve)

Question 15

How is an ectopic pregnancy treated pharmacologically?

Answer 15

methotrexate

Question 16

What technique blocks the fallopian tubes?

Answer 16

tubal ligation

Question 17

What does ‘version’ describe about the female genitalia?

Answer 17

direction the cervix is pointing

Question 18

What does ‘flexion’ describe about the female genitalia?

Answer 18

direction the uterus points

Question 19

What gland is at the vaginal opening?

Answer 19

Bartholin’s gland (greater vestibular gland)

Question 20

What muscle surrounds the vagina?

Answer 20

bulbospongiosus

Question 21

What is the bulb of the vestibule made from?

Answer 21

corpus spongiosum (erectile tissue)

Question 22

how is blood kept in the erectile tissue?

Answer 22

skeletal msucle contracts to prevent venous return

Question 23

What do the Batholin’s glands secrete?

Answer 23

lubrications for vaginal opening

Question 24

What is the lining of the vagina marked with?

Answer 24

rugae

Question 25

What is the main US sign of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 25

tubal ring sing

Question 26

What might tubal ring sign be mimicked by?

Answer 26

normal corpus luteum

Question 27

What might be done to differentiate between a normal corpus luteum and ecotpic pregnancy?

Answer 27

birmanual examnination

Question 28

What is the cervix like during menses?

Answer 28

low and hard (open a bit)

Question 29

What is the cervix like after menses?

Answer 29

low and hard (shut)

Question 30

name 3 types of fibroids

Answer 30

intramural fibroids
Subserosal fibroids
Submucosal fibroids

Question 31

what would you use to treat fibroids?

Answer 31

tranexamic acid