AP US HISTORY UNIT TEST: 2 Flashcards
French and Indian war
began in American, then widened into the seven years war
proclamation of 1763
prohibited western settlement beyond the Appalachians
sugar act
stamp act
Townsend act
tea act
all British laws implemented to raise tax revenue to pay back money from the french and Indian war
response to the intolerable acts was the _________________
first continental Congress
intolerable acts
acts passed to chastise Boston, it closed the tea harbor
meant to punish Boston
first continental Congress
Response to the intolerable acts was the summoning of the first continental congress held in philadelphia
considered ways of addressing colonial grievances
12 out of the 13 colonies attended excluding georgia
John adams plays significant role
second continental Congress
wrote the Declaration of Independence.
olive branch petition
happens because of lexinton and concord
common sense
one of the most influential pamphlets written by THOMAS PAINE
convinced americans to want to be independent from Britain
Boston massacre
troops open fired killing/wounding citizens
one of the most important events leading to revolutionary war
Helped in the ending the relationship between the American colonists and the British.
treaty of Paris 1763
ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War between Great Britain and France
the battle of Saratoga was important because
it won Americans the support of the french military
the tea act was an attempt by england to
bail out the bankrupt British east India company
response to tea act was _______
the Boston tea party:
bostinians dressed as indians smashed open the chest of tea and dumped them into the Atlantic
British authorities embraced
_____ because
if the mother country benefited the daughter country did (justified their control over the colonies)
philidaphia convention
constitution convention
-purpose was to revise the articles of confederation
-ended of scrapping the articles of confederation
-giving the government more power
shays rebellion
- first major rebellion since the post revolutionary war
-farmers were angry bc of foreclosure and tax and resulted against the Massachusetts government
-national leaders felt the need to put an end to this/led to them making stronger federal govt.
TURNING POINT
connecticut comprise
great comprimse
established the United States legislature as a bicameral, or two-house law-making body.
senete- two representatives in each state
House of Representatives: # representatives allowed for each state would be determined by its population.
3/5 compromise
each slave would be counted as 3/5 of a person
result: southern states gain political power
federalist papers
hames Madison, alexander hamiltion, John Jay wrote these letters
meant to persuade and promote the ratification of the constitution
articles of confederation characteristics
-new plan of govt. after gaining independence
-goal is to not be like Britain
-states could declare war, sign treaties
-states collected taxes and printed money
-states ran themselves like independent countries
-unicameral
The constitution characteristics
-more power in the federal government
-establishes Republican style government
-bicameral legislature
-Congress had the power to make laws
-while states had the power to tax so did Congress
added judicial and executive branch
states were reluctant to radify the constitution because
states wanted the adaptation of the bill of rights
the american people must DIRECTLY vote for
the house of representatives
electoral college
implement an indirect vote by the people
the few successes of the articles of confederation is
the north west ordinance
brought the 13 colonies together, somewhat unifying the thirteen states
List four precedents that George Washington established for future presidents.
Washington establishes foreign policy (during war)
Every president can only run 2 terms
President had administration (president’s advisors)
Washington ENFORCING laws (president enforces laws)
components of Alexander Hamilton’s financial plan.
-Hamilton proposed the idea of a national bank (hamiltons baby)
- hamilton felt the bank was necessary to hold states accountable for paying back thier debt
Bank owned by federal government
Through the bank they would raise tax revenue
It would give the government more power in financial situations
The states no longer owed any money
Hamilton did it to establish ¨national credit¨
impressment
Impressment was when the british navy was taking american sailors and forcing them to serve in the british navy
three topics George Washington addressed in his Farewell Address in 1797.
Letter written to congress warns the future government to watch out for three things
-no permanent alliances/no foreign entanglement
- be aware of political parties/ they will divide the country
- sectionalism: north, south, and west people started to associate to thier ¨section¨ rather than thier country
face of the federalist party
alexander hamilton
face of the democratic republic party
thomas jefferson
which party was in favor of the natoinal bank __________
federalist
which party did not support tarrifs
democratic-republic party
which party believed that the bill of rights was neccacary in the constitution
the democratic-republic party
federalist wanted to make an alliance with __________-
democratic-republic wanted to make an alliance with __________
*ENGLAND
*FRANCE
__________ were in favor of a strong central government
federalist
Committees of Correspondence
Colonies gathered to gather information as a response to the british policies implemented in the colonies
boston tea party
A reaction to the tea act
Where the sons of liberty
dumped tons and tons of tea into the atlantic costing the british a lot of money
This was a response to the tea act implemented by the british government
*committee of correspondence is part of the response
albany plan of union
-plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes
-a meeting called to discuss how they should deal with the growing military threat from the French and their Native American allies.
big states
(virginia plan)
Bicameral congress depending on your population you get a bigger say in govt
small states
(NJ plan)
Equal representation in a unicameral congress regardless of population
proclamation of neutrality 1793
the US would stay neutral during the french revolution
still trading with both England and France
america is too weak to engage in foreign conflict
British continued impressment after the proclamation of neutrality which results in ___________
Jays treaty
jays treaty results
- British agree to give up post on the western frontier of american territory
- Great Britain agreed to pay for past impressment but would not agree to stop future Impressment.
- Compensation for Pre-Revolutionary debt was still a sore subject- not settled
pickneys treaty
It resolved territorial disputes between the two countries and granted American ships the right to free navigation of the Mississippi River as well as duty-free transport through the port of New Orleans, then under Spanish control.
the whiskey rebellion
-stemmed from an excise tax on whiskey in Pennsylvania
-the Whiskey Rebellion threatened the stability of the United States and forced President Washington to personally lead the United States militia westward to stop the rebels.
-significant because it was the first test to the federal authority the president had on america
how are amendments passed
⅔ vote in the house and the senate
¾ states have to agree
republican motherhood
women were called upon to mold the next generationʼs values so that they would support a republic. American mothers would shape the characters and education of their sons, the next generation to lead the young nation.
olive branch petiton
begged the king to prevent further hostilities
proffesing america to be loyal to the crown
battle of Yorktown significance
This battle was the last recognized large conflict in the Revolutionary war and was the first step King George took in acknowledging the thirteen states’ independence.
led directly to the peace negotiations that ended the war in 1783 and gave America its independence
the second continental congress was _______ the revolutionary war
AFTER
articles of confederation provided a _________ confederation
loose
assumption
federal government pays state dent
hamiltons financial plan steps (4)
1.) national bank
2.) tarrifs
3.) excise tax
4.) assumption
Jefferson (democratic republican) opposed the national bank what excuse does Hamilton use to implement national bank
in the constitution it says
that congress can implement anything that is ¨neccacary and proper¨
*loose interpretation
the northwest ordinance of 1787
establishes procedure for becoming a state
also banned slavery in the north west territory
*first time addressing slavery issue
the great comprimse
called for bicameral legislature (house of reps & senate)
HOR - voted by the people
Thomas Jefferson had a _______interpretation of the constitution
STRICT
Alexander Hamilton had a ________ interpretation of the constitution
LOOSE
