A.P US HISTORY - quiz review Flashcards
examples of Jim crow laws
literacy test, grandfather clause, poll tax, interracial marriage
Booker t Washington
wanted African Americans to work on acquiring practical skills rather than demanding immediate social and politcal equality
W.E.B dubois
advocated for immediate social and political equality
exodusters
group of African Americans who migrate from the south to the west
this was to escape discrimination and for freedom
13th amendment
abolishment of slavery
14th amendment
protect all citizens from discrimination and garuntees = protection
15h amendment
prohibits the denial of voting rights based on race, color, enslavement
pleasy vs. ferguson
cause that upheld segregation laws
¨separate but equal¨
Brown vs. the board of education
outlawed racial segregation in public schools
tenant farming
former slaves would rent land and pay rent with a portion of thier crop yeild
sharecropping
former enslaved people worked land owned by white landowners in exchange for a share of the crops
civil rights act of 1875
federal law enacted during reconstruction
aimed to guarantee equal access to public things like hotels, transportation regardless of race
freedmans burreu
established after the civil war to assist African Americans and providing them services like education, healthcare, and legal aid
overproduction
price of farming increased and the price of crops decreases
grange movement
goals were to improve economic and social lives of farmers advocate for agriculture
fought against monopolies and protested high railroad freight rates, and supported reform groups
farmers alliance
political movement that aimed to improve the economic situation for farmers
armers organized to fight against economic injustices like high railroad rates, low crop prices
interstate commerce act
regulated the railroad industry first law
populist party
agrarian politcal party that aimed to restrict immigration in the us
graduated income tax
ocala demands
set of demands by farmers advocating for government policies to alienate economic hardships
grange laws
state laws passes to regulate railroads
the first law was passed in Illinois
urbanization
the increase of people living in cities rather than rural areas
Wabash vs. Illinois
limited the states ability to control interstate commerce
only the federal government can regulate
Munn. vs Illinois
upheld the rights of states the regulate private business
election of 1896
William Mckinly vs. William Bryan
end of the populist party
american federation of labor:
skilled workers labor union, skilled workers had the better hand in negotiating, because theyre much harder to replace, had more to stand on
knights of labor:
almost 700,000 members, unskilled labor union, allowed everyone except chinese
Different between pre civil war labor unions vs. post civil war labor unions:
Before the civil war they were smaller in size. National labor unions, they go across the country
As labor unions develop big buisiness comes up with tactics to refute labor unions:
*injunction: big business would get court orders to stop the strike
Yellow dog contracts: before you hire someone they sign a contract legally saying they won’t join a labor union
Hiring replacement workers:immigrants/ rural areas are moving in (scabs)
Tactics used by labor unions:
Strikes: stop working
Walkouts: all show up to work/ everyone would walkout together
Sit-ins
TURNING POINT for the knights of labor
Haymarket square riot Government blamed the knights of labor
Discredited them, membership diminishes and they disappear
The government, the american public, and courts all sided with big business, never supported labor unions
how were natives Americans treated during the industrial revolution
Government policies try to push native americans on reservation
There is more demand for thier land
Forcible remove native americans to small undesirabl land called native americans
Native americans resist this and it leads to conflict
Example of natives American resistance
THE BATTLE OF BIGHORN
Federal government steps up their game and become overly aggressive as a result of this conflict
Leads to more violence, massacres, women and children killed, innocent people
Dawsact:
forcibly assimilate, make native Americans more american
Old immigrant:
New immigrant:
northern and western europe
southern and eastern
push and pull ITALY
poverty and commercialization of agriculture pushed people out,
*economic opportunity (catholic)
Push and pull RUSSIA
escaping religious persecution (Jews)
*come for economic opportunity and to practice religion freely
*settled in eastern cities
Bird of passage:
itialian males had the idea to make money and go back to thier country and purchase land (RUSSIANS DID NOT)
Chinese immigrant
face major cultural discrimination
*Chinese exclusion act: open door policy except for the Chinese, Chinese that are already there are no longer citizens
-settled in the west
Angel island:
-checked people for disease
Japanese immigrants
japan is isolated and they want to become modern, they send people out
Settled in the west
Both chinese and japanese met with discrimination
Mexican immigration:
settle in the southwest (texas, arizona, new mexico, southern california) early revolution in mexico that pushes them out
women’s reform groups
Americans women’s suffrage association
National women’s suffrage association
national women’s suffrage movement: DIDN’T SUPPORT 15TH AMENDMENT
Americans women’s suffrage association: SUPPORTED THE 15TH AMENDMENT
The government policy towards buisness is:
laisez faire/ deregulation/ hands off
Because it allows for the growth of big business
leisure
For the first time in history it’s not about survival for the average person, there is more income and more time for Americans to enjoy themselves and have fun
the emergence on a collegiate level of sports (baseball, football, basketball
- amusement parks
- traveling circus
ida tarbell
journlist who wrote about John d rockefeller and how standard oil is bad
“The History of The Standard Oil Company”
the new south
Henry W. Grady, a newspaper editor in Atlanta, Georgia, coined the phrase the “New South”
He urged the South to abandon its longstanding agrarian economy for a modern economy grounded in factories, mines, and mills. He was predicting an economic change for the South after the Civil War not reflecting on the actuality of events
5 characteristics of a progressive
No political affiliation (republican or democrat)
Men and women
City dwellers
Belonged to the middle class
Educated
