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AP Psych > AP Psych Unit 9 > Flashcards

AP Psych Unit 9 Flashcards

Personality theory

1
Q

Patterns of feeling,s motives, thoughts, and other enduring behaviors that set ppl apart from one another

A

Personality

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2
Q

View human behavior as a dynamic between the conscious mind and the unconscious mind

A

Psychodynamic theories

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3
Q

Theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques

A

Psychoanalysis

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4
Q

Freud; unacceptable thoughts, memories, info processing that we’re unaware of

A

Unconscious

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5
Q

Person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind; no matter how embarrassing

A

Free association

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6
Q

Mostly unconscious; makes peace between id and superego; tied to the reality principle

A

Ego

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7
Q

Internalized moral conscience; considers ideal

A

Superego

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8
Q

Unconscious impulsive desires to satisfy sex and aggressive drives; tied to pleasure principle

A

Id

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9
Q

Forcibly block from consciousness

A

Repress

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10
Q

Id’s pleasure-seeking tendencies; focus upon erogenous zones

A

Psychosexual stages

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11
Q

Boy’s sexual desires of mom and hatred of rival dad

A

Oedipus complex

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12
Q

Pleasure ceter on mouth – sucking, biting, chewing

A

Oral

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13
Q

Pleasure focused on bowel/bladder elimination; coping w/ demands for control

A

Anal

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14
Q

Pleasure zone is genitals; coping w/ incestual sexual feelings

A

Phallic

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15
Q

Children incorporate parents’ values into superegos

A

Identification

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16
Q

The lingering focus of pleasure-seeking in earlier unresolved psychosexual stages (ex. oral=nail biting)

A

Fixation

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17
Q

Ego’s protective methods of anxiety reduction by distorting reality unconsciously

A

Defense mechanisms

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18
Q

Retreating to earlier psychosexual stage where some energy is left

A

Regression

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19
Q

Switching bad impulses into their opposites

A

Reaction formation

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20
Q

Disguising our threatening impulses by attributing them to others

A

Projection

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21
Q

Self-justifying explanation in place of real, more threatening rzn. for one’s actions

A

Rationalization

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22
Q

Shifting sexual/aggressive impulses towards more acceptable or less threatening means

A

Displacement

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23
Q

Transferral of unacceptable impulses into socially-valued motives

A

Sublimation

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24
Q

Refusing to believe/perceive painful realities

A

Denial

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25
Q

Jung’s concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory from a species’ history

A

Collective unconscious

26
Q

Personality tests such as Rorschach that show inner dynamics

A

Projective tests

27
Q

Ppl. show inner workings by making stories up based on vague images

A

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

28
Q

Inkblots to help identify inner feelings

A

Rorscach Test

29
Q

The theory of death-related anxiety; shows how we cope w/ premise of demise

A

Terror-Management Theory

30
Q

The theory that the order you’re born in impacts personality

A

Birth-order theory

31
Q

The “perfect child”, rule follower

A

First-born

32
Q

The social child, the peacekeeper

A

Middle chikd

33
Q

Agreeable, funny, lazy

34
Q

Neo-Freudian, psychodynamic; criticized Freud and believed that personality is shaped by fears and impulses, rather than childhood experiences and instincts, concept of “basic anxiety”

A

Karen Horney

35
Q

The typical example or pattern of something that is universally recognized

A

Archetypes

36
Q

Described personality in terms of fundamental traits, more concerned w describing than explaining them; trait theory; 4000 traits

A

Gordon Allport

37
Q

Characteristic patterns of behavior or dispositions to behave in certain ways

38
Q

Developer of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

A

Isabel Myers-Briggs

39
Q

Assessment that sorts people according to Jung’s personality types; (ex. thinking vs. feeling) not enough research to assess validity

A

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

40
Q

Statistical procedure that ID’s clusters of behavior that reflect basic factors or traits

A

Factor analysis

41
Q

Created the Eysenck Personality Questionaire

A

Hans and Sybil Eysenck

42
Q

Reduces individual variation to Extrovert vs. Introvert and Emotional Stability vs. Instability

A

Eysneck personality questionnaire

43
Q

Questionnaire (often T/F), which people respond to w/ wide range of feelings and behaviors, scored objectively but not always valid

A

Personality Inventories

44
Q

Most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests; original purpose to identifyquestionnaire, 567

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)

45
Q

defined traits via “a collection of reactions/responses bound by some sort of unity”; identified 16 personality factors ; believed measure of traits could predict people in situations

A

Raymond Cattell

46
Q

the debate on if the personality or situation that we’re in influences the way we go about things and behave more.

A

Person-situation debate

47
Q

Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Openness to Experience, Extroversion

48
Q

Tendency to generalize a favorable or unfavorable first impression to unrelated details of personality

A

Halo Effect

49
Q

Assessing behavior through direct surveillence

A

Direct Observation

50
Q

Recording the frequency of specific behaviors

A

Behavioral Assessment

51
Q

Real-life situations simulated in order to observe someone’s spontaneous reactions

A

Situational Test

52
Q

Person-centered theory; real v. ideal self, humanist

A

Carl Rogers

53
Q

theory that we react in a way to certain situations bc we learned from previous one what happened before and expect similar result

A

Expectancy Theory

54
Q

how person views their own capability at performing a task, which affects motivation and emotion

A

Self-efficacy

55
Q

believed that it wasn’t just environment that shaped personality; multiple factors that shaped a person – social learning theory

A

Albert Bandura

56
Q

Observational learning, self efficacy and reciprocal determinism all factors of this theory

A

Social Learning Theory

57
Q

how a person evaluates and thinks abt themselves

A

Self-concept

58
Q

cultural difference; focus on group belonging

A

Collectivism

59
Q

when a person expresses care and acceptance towards another person

A

Positive regard

60
Q

when someone hones their abilities and feels a full appreciation for life

A

self-actualization

61
Q

societal focus on individual achievement

A

indivodualism

AP Psych (9 decks)

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