AP Human Geo: Chapter 11 Flashcards
- Acid Deposition
Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, that enter the atmosphere - where they combine with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid - and return to Earth’s surface.
- Acid Precipitation
Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.
- Air Pollution
Concentration of trace substances, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and solid particulates, at a greater level than occurs in average air.
- Apparel
An article of clothing.
- Biochemical Oxygen Demand
(BOD) The amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste; a measure of water pollution.
- Break-of-Bulk Point
A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another.
- Bulk-Gaining Industry
An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the inputs.
- Bulk-Reducing Industry
An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs.
- Chlorofluorocarbon
(CFC) A gas used as a solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers.
- Cottage Industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than in factories, commonly found prior to the Industrial Revolution.
- Ferrous
Metals, including iron, that are utilized in the production of iron and steel.
- Fordist Production
A form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly.
- Greenhouse Effect
The anticipated increase in Earth’s temperature caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted bu the surface.
- Industrial Revolution
A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.
- Just-in-Time Delivery
Shipment of parts and materials to arrive at a factory moments before they are needed.