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Study Cards > Ap Bio unit 8 vocab > Flashcards

Ap Bio unit 8 vocab Flashcards

Memorize word

1
Q

Movement of an organism in response to a stimulus

A

Taxis

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2
Q

The undirected movement of an organism in response to a stimulus

A

Kinesis

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3
Q

A regular long distance change in location

A

Migration

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4
Q

Physical mental and behavioral changes that follow 24 hour cycles

A

Circadian rhythms

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5
Q

State of inactivity reduced metabolic rate to survive harsh weather

A

Hibernation

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6
Q

Growth of a organism and response to stimulus

A

Phototropism

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7
Q

Plants response to changes in length of day or night

A

Photoperiodism

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8
Q

Automatic physiological reaction to an event that is considered stressful or frightening. The perception of threat activates, sympathetic, nervous system and triggers, acute stress response that prepares the body to

A

Fight or flight

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9
Q

Animals very their alarm calls based upon source of eavesdropped signals

A

Predator warnings

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10
Q

When a plant is being threatened it a hormone or chemical to nearby plants

A

Plants response to her herbivory

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11
Q

Animals that communicate through odors or taste, emit chemical substances called

A

Pheromones

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11
Q

When one organism is attacked, it sends what to other mammals

A

Alarmed pheromones

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12
Q

A sequence of unlearned acts linked to simple stimulus

A

Fixed action pattern

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13
Q

A type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. This occurs when an animal engages in self sacrificial behavior that benefits, genetic fitness of its relatives.

A

Kin selection

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14
Q

Use thermal heat energy generated by metabolism to maintain homeostatic body temps

A

Endotherms

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15
Q

Some of all chemical reactions in an organism

A

Metabolism

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16
Q

Lack internal mechanisms for maintaining body temp they may regulate temp behavior by moving in the sun or shade or by aggregating with other individuals

A

Ectotherms

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17
Q

Number of calories required to perform basic life detaining functions

A

Metabolic rate

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18
Q

Shows the transfer of modern energy from one organism to the next

A

Food chain

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19
Q

Capture energy from physical or chemical sources

A

Producers

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19
Q

Shows food chains connecting or intertwine more realistic version of what happens in nature

A

Food web

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20
Q

Capture energy and carbon compounds produced by other organisms

A

Consumers

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21
Q

Steps in food web/chain

A

Tropic levels

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22
Q

When a population grows as if there are unlimited sources that is what growth?

A

Exponential growth

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23
Measurement of how many individuals are in a specific area
Population density
24
Won’t be able to grow exponentially due to energy, shelter, water, nutrients habitats. These are..
Limiting factors
25
External factors that affect the size of the population of living things, regardless of population density
Density independent factors
25
Factors that regulate population growth rates based on the density population
Density dependent factors
26
A group of populations of different species live close enough to interact
Biological community
27
How an organism interacts with individuals of other species in the community
Interspecific interactions
28
Individuals of different species compete for resources that limit their growth
Competition
29
Two species compete for the resource and one will be eliminated
Competitive exclusion
30
The role organism plays in a community
Niche
31
Refers to the interrelationship of species with all biotic and abiotic factors affecting it
Ecological niche
32
The range of resources and conditions allow species to maintain a viable population
Species ecological niche
33
When one species divide a niche to avoid competition for resources and leads to a realized niche
Resource partitioning
34
Entire set of conditions under which species can survive and reproduce
Fundamental niche
35
Set use by species after interactions with other species
Realized niche
36
A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit
Mutualism
37
A symbiotic relationship or one species benefits, and one isnt affected
Commensalism
38
a symbiotic relationship or one species benefits, and the other species is harmed
Parasitism
39
Number of species you would find out a community
Species richness
40
The proportion of each species represents of all individuals in a community
Relative abundance
41
The changing or formation of an ecosystem
Ecological succession
42
A measure of diversity which takes into account of the number of species present, as well as the relative abundance of each species. Species richness, and even increase diversity increases. N equals total number of organisms of a particular species.
Simpsons diversity index
43
Different types of species
Species diversity
44
Final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed by event, such as fire or human interference
Climax community
45
a species that has a very large impact on a community disproportionate to the amount of that individual in the species
Keystone species
45
Different types of ecosystems
Ecosystem diversity
45
One crop is grown in an area
Monoculture
46
When a human population grows and starts to move in the cities
Urbanization
46
These are random and art directed by specific environmental pressures
Mutations
47
Pollution is a
Density independent limiting factor or abiotic factor
48
Taking animals out of habitat and species population decreases
Over exploitation
49
Warming of our atmosphere oceans and land
Climate change
50
What causes welts in death in all species of elm trees
Dutch Elm disease
51
What is caused by phytophtora infestans and is the most devastating thing for potatoes of any crop
Potato blight
52
Movement of chemical elements through different media example soil rocks, water
Biochemical cycles
52
Habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, population growth, climate change, over exploitation
HIPPCO
53
Theory that the earths continents move relative to each other over geologic time
Continental draft
53
Appearance of an organism based on amount of light, it reflects or emits
Coloration
54
Actions taking my organisms that benefit other others in the group
Cooperative behavior
55
An act or behavior of an animal to attract a mate
Courtship behavior
55
____ within organisms Increases efficiency in the use of modern energy
Cooperation
56
Chemical reaction that involves combining reacting molecules to make a large water molecule with loss of water
Dehydration synthesis
56
Antonym for nocturnal
Diurnal
57
Climate pattern occurs when the ocean surface in the central eastern Pacific Ocean are warmer than average
El Niño La Niña
57
Populations of all different species that live together in an area to make up a community
Ecological relationships
58
Amount of dietary energy that is able to support physiological function after subtracting the energy of exercise
Energy availability
58
It gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during decomposition
Exotherm
58
Searching for wild food
Foraging
59
The biological variation that occurs within species
Genetic diversity
60
The rate or speed at which the number of organisms in a population increases
Growth rate
61
Chemical substances that act like molecules in the body and control how cells and organs do work
Hormones
62
Chemical reaction in which molecules of water breaks one or more chemical bonds
Hydrolysis
63
Energy can either be created nor destroyed, and we converted from one form of energy to another
Law of conservation of energy
64
It can’t be created or destroyed, a lot the mass of the system remains constant overtime
Law of conservation of mass
65
When the growth rate decreases the population reaches carrying capacity type of growth?
Logistic growth
66
The change in activity of an organism in response to stimulus
Behavior
67
A group that bind the individuals together as a unit, usually clear hierarchy based on age and experience
Pack Behavior
67
How the parents interact with their offspring, vice versa
Parent/offspring interactions
67
The process which natural selection drives competing species into different patterns of research use or different niches
Niche partitioning
68
Maximum per capita growth rate
Rmax
69
Collision of astronomical objects toward earth
Meteor impact
70
When organisms try to resemble other organisms or inanimate objects to gain an advantage in their surroundings
Mimicry
70
The study of functioning of all organisms and the functioning of their constituent tissues or cells
Physiology
71
Change in the number of members of a certain species and a particular time and location
Population growth/change
72
A biological interaction where one organism hunts and kills the other organism for food
Predator prey relationship or predation
72
Two different species interacting in a close relationship
Symbiosis
73
The distribution of abundance across the species community
Species evenness
74
Surface area and volume for cell sizes
SA;V ratio
75
The accessibility and quantity of natural resources necessary for survival and development
Resource availability
76
The way an animal mates or raises offspring
Reproductive strategies
77
An animal that consumes at the very top of the food chain
Quaternary consumer
78
Homeostatic process at maintains a steady internal body temperature despite changes
Thermal regulation
79
Powerful indirect interactions that can control entire ecosystems
Trophic cascade
80
Showing the progression of food energy, how much energy and biomass moves in ecosystem
Trophic pyramid
81
A new area of land is populated by a group of species for the first time
Primary succession
82
This occurs after the initial succession has been disrupted, and some plants and animals still exist
Secondary succession

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