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Study Cards > Ap Bio unit 8 vocab > Flashcards

Ap Bio unit 8 vocab Flashcards

Memorize word

1
Q

Movement of an organism in response to a stimulus

A

Taxis

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2
Q

The undirected movement of an organism in response to a stimulus

A

Kinesis

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3
Q

A regular long distance change in location

A

Migration

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4
Q

Physical mental and behavioral changes that follow 24 hour cycles

A

Circadian rhythms

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5
Q

State of inactivity reduced metabolic rate to survive harsh weather

A

Hibernation

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6
Q

Growth of a organism and response to stimulus

A

Phototropism

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7
Q

Plants response to changes in length of day or night

A

Photoperiodism

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8
Q

Automatic physiological reaction to an event that is considered stressful or frightening. The perception of threat activates, sympathetic, nervous system and triggers, acute stress response that prepares the body to

A

Fight or flight

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9
Q

Animals very their alarm calls based upon source of eavesdropped signals

A

Predator warnings

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10
Q

When a plant is being threatened it a hormone or chemical to nearby plants

A

Plants response to her herbivory

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11
Q

Animals that communicate through odors or taste, emit chemical substances called

A

Pheromones

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11
Q

When one organism is attacked, it sends what to other mammals

A

Alarmed pheromones

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12
Q

A sequence of unlearned acts linked to simple stimulus

A

Fixed action pattern

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13
Q

A type of natural selection that considers the role relatives play when evaluating the genetic fitness of a given individual. This occurs when an animal engages in self sacrificial behavior that benefits, genetic fitness of its relatives.

A

Kin selection

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14
Q

Use thermal heat energy generated by metabolism to maintain homeostatic body temps

A

Endotherms

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15
Q

Some of all chemical reactions in an organism

A

Metabolism

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16
Q

Lack internal mechanisms for maintaining body temp they may regulate temp behavior by moving in the sun or shade or by aggregating with other individuals

A

Ectotherms

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17
Q

Number of calories required to perform basic life detaining functions

A

Metabolic rate

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18
Q

Shows the transfer of modern energy from one organism to the next

A

Food chain

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19
Q

Capture energy from physical or chemical sources

A

Producers

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19
Q

Shows food chains connecting or intertwine more realistic version of what happens in nature

A

Food web

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20
Q

Capture energy and carbon compounds produced by other organisms

A

Consumers

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21
Q

Steps in food web/chain

A

Tropic levels

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22
Q

When a population grows as if there are unlimited sources that is what growth?

A

Exponential growth

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23
Q

Measurement of how many individuals are in a specific area

A

Population density

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24
Q

Won’t be able to grow exponentially due to energy, shelter, water, nutrients habitats. These are..

A

Limiting factors

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25
Q

External factors that affect the size of the population of living things, regardless of population density

A

Density independent factors

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25
Q

Factors that regulate population growth rates based on the density population

A

Density dependent factors

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26
Q

A group of populations of different species live close enough to interact

A

Biological community

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27
Q

How an organism interacts with individuals of other species in the community

A

Interspecific interactions

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28
Q

Individuals of different species compete for resources that limit their growth

A

Competition

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29
Q

Two species compete for the resource and one will be eliminated

A

Competitive exclusion

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30
Q

The role organism plays in a community

A

Niche

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31
Q

Refers to the interrelationship of species with all biotic and abiotic factors affecting it

A

Ecological niche

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32
Q

The range of resources and conditions allow species to maintain a viable population

A

Species ecological niche

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33
Q

When one species divide a niche to avoid competition for resources and leads to a realized niche

A

Resource partitioning

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34
Q

Entire set of conditions under which species can survive and reproduce

A

Fundamental niche

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35
Q

Set use by species after interactions with other species

A

Realized niche

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36
Q

A symbiotic relationship where both species benefit

A

Mutualism

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37
Q

A symbiotic relationship or one species benefits, and one isnt affected

A

Commensalism

38
Q

a symbiotic relationship or one species benefits, and the other species is harmed

A

Parasitism

39
Q

Number of species you would find out a community

A

Species richness

40
Q

The proportion of each species represents of all individuals in a community

A

Relative abundance

41
Q

The changing or formation of an ecosystem

A

Ecological succession

42
Q

A measure of diversity which takes into account of the number of species present, as well as the relative abundance of each species. Species richness, and even increase diversity increases. N equals total number of organisms of a particular species.

A

Simpsons diversity index

43
Q

Different types of species

A

Species diversity

44
Q

Final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed by event, such as fire or human interference

A

Climax community

45
Q

a species that has a very large impact on a community disproportionate to the amount of that individual in the species

A

Keystone species

45
Q

Different types of ecosystems

A

Ecosystem diversity

45
Q

One crop is grown in an area

A

Monoculture

46
Q

When a human population grows and starts to move in the cities

A

Urbanization

46
Q

These are random and art directed by specific environmental pressures

A

Mutations

47
Q

Pollution is a

A

Density independent limiting factor or abiotic factor

48
Q

Taking animals out of habitat and species population decreases

A

Over exploitation

49
Q

Warming of our atmosphere oceans and land

A

Climate change

50
Q

What causes welts in death in all species of elm trees

A

Dutch Elm disease

51
Q

What is caused by phytophtora infestans and is the most devastating thing for potatoes of any crop

A

Potato blight

52
Q

Movement of chemical elements through different media example soil rocks, water

A

Biochemical cycles

52
Q

Habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, population growth, climate change, over exploitation

A

HIPPCO

53
Q

Theory that the earths continents move relative to each other over geologic time

A

Continental draft

53
Q

Appearance of an organism based on amount of light, it reflects or emits

A

Coloration

54
Q

Actions taking my organisms that benefit other others in the group

A

Cooperative behavior

55
Q

An act or behavior of an animal to attract a mate

A

Courtship behavior

55
Q

____ within organisms Increases efficiency in the use of modern energy

A

Cooperation

56
Q

Chemical reaction that involves combining reacting molecules to make a large water molecule with loss of water

A

Dehydration synthesis

56
Q

Antonym for nocturnal

A

Diurnal

57
Q

Climate pattern occurs when the ocean surface in the central eastern Pacific Ocean are warmer than average

A

El Niño La Niña

57
Q

Populations of all different species that live together in an area to make up a community

A

Ecological relationships

58
Q

Amount of dietary energy that is able to support physiological function after subtracting the energy of exercise

A

Energy availability

58
Q

It gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during decomposition

A

Exotherm

58
Q

Searching for wild food

A

Foraging

59
Q

The biological variation that occurs within species

A

Genetic diversity

60
Q

The rate or speed at which the number of organisms in a population increases

A

Growth rate

61
Q

Chemical substances that act like molecules in the body and control how cells and organs do work

A

Hormones

62
Q

Chemical reaction in which molecules of water breaks one or more chemical bonds

A

Hydrolysis

63
Q

Energy can either be created nor destroyed, and we converted from one form of energy to another

A

Law of conservation of energy

64
Q

It can’t be created or destroyed, a lot the mass of the system remains constant overtime

A

Law of conservation of mass

65
Q

When the growth rate decreases the population reaches carrying capacity type of growth?

A

Logistic growth

66
Q

The change in activity of an organism in response to stimulus

A

Behavior

67
Q

A group that bind the individuals together as a unit, usually clear hierarchy based on age and experience

A

Pack Behavior

67
Q

How the parents interact with their offspring, vice versa

A

Parent/offspring interactions

67
Q

The process which natural selection drives competing species into different patterns of research use or different niches

A

Niche partitioning

68
Q

Maximum per capita growth rate

A

Rmax

69
Q

Collision of astronomical objects toward earth

A

Meteor impact

70
Q

When organisms try to resemble other organisms or inanimate objects to gain an advantage in their surroundings

A

Mimicry

70
Q

The study of functioning of all organisms and the functioning of their constituent tissues or cells

A

Physiology

71
Q

Change in the number of members of a certain species and a particular time and location

A

Population growth/change

72
Q

A biological interaction where one organism hunts and kills the other organism for food

A

Predator prey relationship or predation

72
Q

Two different species interacting in a close relationship

A

Symbiosis

73
Q

The distribution of abundance across the species community

A

Species evenness

74
Q

Surface area and volume for cell sizes

A

SA;V ratio

75
Q

The accessibility and quantity of natural resources necessary for survival and development

A

Resource availability

76
Q

The way an animal mates or raises offspring

A

Reproductive strategies

77
Q

An animal that consumes at the very top of the food chain

A

Quaternary consumer

78
Q

Homeostatic process at maintains a steady internal body temperature despite changes

A

Thermal regulation

79
Q

Powerful indirect interactions that can control entire ecosystems

A

Trophic cascade

80
Q

Showing the progression of food energy, how much energy and biomass moves in ecosystem

A

Trophic pyramid

81
Q

A new area of land is populated by a group of species for the first time

A

Primary succession

82
Q

This occurs after the initial succession has been disrupted, and some plants and animals still exist

A

Secondary succession

Study Cards (6 decks)

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