AP Bio Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards
when atoms transfer electrons, resulting in charged particles that attract each other
ionic bond
when atoms share electrons to achieve stable configuration
covalent bond
two types of covalent bonds
polar and nonpolar
WEAK bond between hydrogen atom in polar molecule and highly electronegative atom from other molecule
hydrogen bond
atom’s attraction for electrons of covalent bond
electronegativity
energy needed to change state (solid, liquid, gas)
heat of vaporization
water molecules stick to other surfaces
adhesion
water sticking to water due to hydrogen bonding
cohesion
hydrogen bonds break and form new ones. water exhibits high heat of vaporization, which is how organisms cool themselves
high heat capacity
tendency of liquid’s surface to resist rupture when placed under tension/ stress
surface tension
average kinetic energy of species, regardless of volume
temperature
transfer thermal energy from one body to another (high thermal to low thermal)
heat
amount of heat required to raise or lower temp. of substance 1 degree C
specific heat
as liquid evaporates the liquid that remains cools down
evaporative cooling
substance something is DISSOLVED IN
solvent
