Aortic Coarticatio Flashcards
What is Aortic Coarctation?
A localized narrowing of the aorta, often distal to the left subclavian artery.
Where can Aortic Coarctation occur?
It can occur anywhere from the aortic arch to the iliac arteries.
What are the types of Aortic Coarctation?
Pre-ductal, ductal, and post-ductal.
What are the hemodynamic effects of Aortic Coarctation?
Decreased blood flow to the lower body, increased blood flow to the upper body, and left ventricular hypertrophy.
What is the significance of left ventricular hypertrophy in Aortic Coarctation?
It indicates increased afterload and potential heart failure.
What are collaterals in Aortic Coarctation?
Blood vessels that develop to bypass the narrowed aorta, often in the inter-scapular and intercostal spaces.
What is the role of collaterals in Aortic Coarctation?
They divert blood from the upper body to the lower body to compensate for the narrowing.
What are the symptoms of mild Aortic Coarctation?
Often asymptomatic, discovered accidentally during routine examination.
What are the symptoms of severe Aortic Coarctation?
Headache, blurring of vision, heart failure in infancy, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive.
What is the significance of weak femoral pulse in Aortic Coarctation?
It indicates decreased blood flow to the lower body.
What is the significance of strong radial pulse in Aortic Coarctation?
It indicates increased blood flow to the upper body.
What is radio-femoral delay in Aortic Coarctation?
A condition where the femoral pulse is weaker and delayed compared to the radial pulse.
What are the complications of Aortic Coarctation?
Heart failure, infective endocarditis, hypertension, and intracranial hemorrhage.
What is the significance of heart failure in Aortic Coarctation?
It is a common complication due to increased afterload on the left ventricle.
What is the role of echocardiography in Aortic Coarctation diagnosis?
It is essential for diagnosing the location and severity of the coarctation.
What is the treatment for Aortic Coarctation?
Surgical coarctectomy, intravascular stent insertion, and balloon angioplasty.
What is coarctectomy?
Surgical resection of the narrowed segment of the aorta with anastomosis of the two ends.
What is the role of balloon angioplasty in Aortic Coarctation?
It can be used to treat restenosis after initial treatment.
What is the significance of rib notching on X-ray in Aortic Coarctation?
It indicates the presence of collateral circulation.
What is the role of ECG in Aortic Coarctation diagnosis?
It may show left ventricular hypertrophy.
What is the significance of systemic hypertension in Aortic Coarctation?
It indicates increased blood pressure in the upper body due to the narrowing.
What is the role of blood pressure monitoring in Aortic Coarctation?
It helps assess the severity and monitor treatment effectiveness.
What is the significance of intracranial hemorrhage in Aortic Coarctation?
It is a dangerous complication due to high blood pressure in the upper body.
What is the role of diuretics in managing heart failure in Aortic Coarctation?
They help reduce fluid overload and improve symptoms.
