AOR 3 Implementation Flashcards
Program Implementation involves coordinating the logistics to ____________
train volunteers & staff, deliver the program, monitor progress, & evaluate effectiveness & sustainability of the program
Award
Funds that are approved for a recipient to complete a project or program
Culture
ideas, beliefs, values, customs, & norms that are learned from family and community
- passed down from generation to generation
Fidelity
Ensuring that programs are implemented and delivered as intended per the program protocol or plan
- maintaining fidelity has implications for how the intervention is DELIVERED, TRAINING, & EVALUATION
Implementation
specified set of activities designed to put into practice an activity or program plan
Intervention
activity or set of planned strategies designed to achieve desired outcomes of the program
- includes delivery plan & evaluation
- aimed to prevent disease/injury or promote health within population
- specific component of a more comprehensive program
- multiple strategies may be used to accomplish objectives
Intervention Strategy
specific technique/approach used in an intervention to get the desired outcome
Examples of intervention strategies
- health communication
- health education
- health policy/enforcement
- environmental change
- community service
- mobilization
- one or more may be used in a single intervention
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)
document which the agreement and principles of the agreement between 2 parties is captured and outlined
- AKA Memorandum of Agreement (MOA)
- less formal than legal contract
Plain Language Communication allows someone to _____________________
find & understand what they need as well as use it to meet their needs
Project Management
application of knowledge, skills, & techniques to execute projects effectively and efficiently
Tailored Message
message created for an INDIVIDUAL based on his/her specific need or interest
- through a direct channel (i.e. their phone)
Targeted Message
standardized message created for a GROUP that has been defined by some characteristic (i.e. geographic area, age, race/ethnicity, etc)
What is the first thing HES should do when preparing to implement a health education/promotion program? Why?
Develop project or work plan will help to ensure fidelity
What is a project/work plan for implementation and what should it include?
detailed road map for how program goals will be achieved
Includes: goals, objectives, activities, timelines, evaluation measures, & roles/responsibilities involved in implementing specific aspects of the plan
Project/Work Plan should be aligned with ______________
logic model
When ____________________ is used in planning model for implementation of an intervention, it can assist in developing a strong implementation/work plan.
Intervention Mapping
Who should HES go to first before looking to hire staff or find the resources/services needed for implementing a program?
their organization, volunteers, or partners
HES must follow _____________________ for their organization and any organizations providing funding. They also need to review __________________.
guidelines and legal standards; state/local laws rules and regulations, funding announcements or solicitations, award notices, and other guidance documents (may provide info on how funds can be used)
Training staff and volunteers to ensure fidelity should consist of __________________
discussion of overall program objectives, intended outcomes, logic model, core elements of the program
what their role is and provide opportunities to practice their roles
A training manual (program procedural manual) is used to ___________________
- communicate step-by-step plans for the program
- support program fidelity & implementation by providing background info, ideas for facilitation, & parameters of the program
A variety of methods should be used in training staff and volunteers based on their expertise level and available funding. What are some types of methods or techniques that can be used?
- on the job training
- one-on-one training
- in-person group work
- distance learning
An action plan for program implementation is used to __________________
describe how goals and objectives will be achieved, identify resources needed, & how responsibilities will be assigned
How can developing implementation action plan help support adoption, implementation, and maintenance of programs?
- build upon assessment and planning activities
- identify those within intended audience that can hinder or help the implementation of the program
5 Phases of Program Implementation (general phases)
- adopt program
- identify & prioritize tasks to complete
- establish management system
- put plans into action (i.e. pilot testing, phasing, implementation)
- end or sustain program or intervention
6 Components for Effective Public Health Program Implementation
- use innovation to develop evidence base
- use limited # of high priority, evidence-based interventions
- use effective program management
- use partnerships and coalitions
- communicate accurate & timely info
- obtain resources & support
How can HES achieve buy-in of the program from the priority population?
- identify individuals or organizations responsible for delivery of intervention
- use implementation plan or project management plan to develop detailed list of all program activities, components, and tasks and include the relationship between them
- use system or schedule to ensure program progresses as planned
- monitor human, financial, and other resources
- use pilot testing, phase ins, or total implementation when implementing new or adapted program
- use mass communication to share info and support program objectives/implementation
- consider health impact and how to end/sustain program before beginning implementation
Critical Steps to creating a conducive environment to learning
- management or stakeholder support
- identify resources to support implementation
- Obtain buy-in from staff and target audience
What conditions should be considered to ensure positive learning environment?
- meeting learner’s needs
- physical environment (i.e. room temp, adequate lights, seating, etc.)
- Knowledge of technology & media literacy
- use of various formats to teaching to ensure to reach the audience
- inclusiveness of all learners
- trust & respect between learners and instructor
How will collecting baseline data help with assessment, planning, and evaluation?
Assessment - provides info on priority population’s knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, & values
Planning - based on the assessment, provides info on target population’s skills related to desired outcomes of the program/intervention
Evaluation - provides a starting measure for evaluating changes in behavior, practices, or skills associated with program goals
Health messages need to appeal to the audience’s __________________
needs, preferences, and health concerns
A marketing plan is used to assist planners to identify ____________________
audience(s), message(s), & intended communication methods
A marketing plan is to determine ______________ and should be aligned with ________________
how the audience prefers to get their information and what available resources there are; program goals and objectives
Principles of Marketing (4 Ps)
Product - target of intervention
Place - location of program
Price - monetary or other cost (i.e. difficulty adjusting to new lifestyle, sore muscles from exercise, etc)
Promotion - sum of all avenues used to communicate messages about the program
How can RE-AIM and IM Adapt help with implementation?
RE-AIM: intervention delivery
IM Adapt: adapting evidence-based interventions
A variety of _____________ at various _______________ of ________________ should be considered when planning programs designed to motivate behavior change
strategies; levels of ecological model (i.e. individual, organizational, community, environment)
When selecting strategies or activities, HES should be sure that each strategy has ____________________. How can HES do this?
evidence of efficacy
- look for evaluation results in literature, program reports, or through discussion with program administrators
What types of media technologies should HES consider using?
Paid Media - TV, radio, print, billboards, digital advertising
Earned Media - receiving free news placement
Social Media - collaborative projects (i.e. wikis), blogs, content communities (i.e. youtube), social networking sites, virtual game and social worlds
Digital Media - phones (i.e. texting)
____________________ and __________________ are important to ensure proper delivery of a program
data collection & record maintenance of important tasks
All aspects of program must be monitored by the HES. What is included in this?
- content delivery
- adherence to timelines
- progress toward objectives
- use of financial resources
Gantt Chart
visual representation of all tasks that need to be completed before, during, & after the program
- allows planning and monitoring progress of all tasks
PERT chart
helps HES keep track of progress and provides visual of relationships between tasks
Critical Path Method (CPM)
- graphically shows timelines and relationships to tasks
- ability to show components that are most important in adhering to the timeline
Program monitoring is what type of evaluation?
Process Evaluation
What do can logic models help keep track of?
whether activities are producing desired outputs
if outputs lead to expected short-term outcomes
What does keeping track of outcomes and indicators related to program objectives allow HES to assess?
- preliminary data regarding program successes
- unintended outcomes
- opportunity to refine program as needed
What does the preliminary analysis capture and how does it help HES?
descriptive data important to stakeholders, funders, & program staff
- allows HES to better understand why an intervention succeeded or not in achieving desired outcomes/results
Program adaptation allows HES to create _________________________
common ground between delivery of intervention and characteristics of group/priority population
Modifications to plan of action can sometimes occur as needed. When modifying the action plan, whether you are modifying the intervention or not, what does HES need to do?
- know who to involve when making any modifications
- know when and who needs to provide approval
- focus on maintaining fidelity to original intervention (when modifications affect intervention)
What helps HES to know when modifications to action plan and/or intervention are needed?
evaluating process and monitoring fidelity
Steps of program adaptation
- assess community
- understand possible interventions
- select intervention
- consult with experts
- consult with stakeholders
- decide on needed adaptations
- adapt original program
- train staff
- test adapted materials
- implement adapted program
- evaluate adapted program
What can be used to measure fidelity?
activity logs, document reviews, observations, reports, surveys, Gantt charts, logic models, interviews
Overall implementation of intervention is referred to as _______________
Program Delivery
What is involved in assessing fidelity?
identifying and documenting the program is being implemented as planned and in the designated order
Multiplicity vs Dose
Multiplicity - number of activities (can be at various levels)
Dose - how many program components were delivered for any given activity
How can HES track Dose of a program?
process evaluation & program monitoring
4 Core Functions of Human Resource Management
Planning, Acquisition, Development, & Sanction (PADS)
Financial management
development & use of system processes that ensure fiscal accountability
What is used to financial resources and fiscal accountability?
Financial Resources - tracking budget expenditures and income
Fiscal Accountability - regular internal audits & reporting
__________________ should be monitored based on their volume, frequency of use, & relationship to program or project plan
curriculum & instructional resources, space, equipment/supplies
When should HES consider the sustainability of the program/intervention?
the very beginning of assessment/planning
What sources can HES collect data on sustainability domains or elements?
surveys, interviews, focus groups, program documents
What elements should HES collect when evaluating sustainability of implemented program/intervention?
- leadership/political support
- funding stability
- collaboration/partnerships
- organizational capacity
- program evaluation
- program adoption
- communication
- strategic planning/vision
