Anxiety Disorders 1 - 8!cluding Some Of A2

Question 1

What is Anxiety?

Answer 1

A state of apprehension, fear, or worry in response to a perceived threat

Symptoms include palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness, and fear of losing control or dying.

Question 2

What is the difference between Anxiety and Fear?

Answer 2

Fear is an immediate response to a real danger; Anxiety is future-oriented and often disproportionate to the actual threat

(Clark, 1996).

Question 3

Is Anxiety useful?

Answer 3

Yes, it has evolutionary benefits, helping humans anticipate danger and respond effectively; No, it becomes problematic when excessive, frequent, or present in inappropriate situations.

Question 4

What is Normal Anxiety?

Answer 4

Key to survival, such as the fight-or-flight response.

Question 5

What is Abnormal Anxiety?

Answer 5

Persistent anxiety that interferes with daily life. Because of.

• Genetic predisposition
  -Personality traits
  -Stressful life event

Question 6

What are the vulnerability factors for Anxiety Disorders?

Answer 6

• Genetic predispositions
• Personality traits

Question 7

What are precipitating events for Anxiety Disorders?

Answer 7

• Stressful life changes
• Trauma

Question 8

What are maintaining factors of Anxiety Disorders?

Answer 8

• Misinterpretations
• Avoidance behaviors

(Clark, 1996).

Question 9

What are the symptoms of Panic Attacks?

Answer 9

• Abrupt onset
• Peaks within 10 minutes
• Requires at least 4 symptoms (e.g., palpitations, nausea, derealization)

Question 10

What are the diagnostic criteria for Panic Disorder?

Answer 10

• Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
• Persistent fear of future attacks for at least one month
• Significant behavioral changes to avoid triggers

Question 11

What is Agoraphobia?

Answer 11

Fear of being in situations where escape is difficult, such as public transport or open spaces.

Question 12

What are Specific Phobias?

Answer 12

Intense, disproportionate fear of specific objects or situations, persisting for at least 6 months.

Question 13

What is Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)?

Answer 13

Persistent fear of social or performance situations due to fear of embarrassment or judgment.

Question 14

What are the key features of Social Anxiety Disorder?

Answer 14

• Onset in childhood (median age 13 years)
• Linked to increased risk of depression, substance abuse, and underachievement

Question 15

What are the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

Answer 15

• Flashbacks
• Avoidance of reminders
• Hypervigilance

Question 16

What are the key diagnostic tools for Anxiety Disorders?

Answer 16

• ICD-10/11
• DSM-5

Question 17

What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

Answer 17

Gold-standard treatment for anxiety disorders recommended by NICE guidelines.

Question 18

What are key techniques in CBT?

Answer 18

• Identify and challenge catastrophic thoughts
• Test misinterpretations through behavioral experiments
• Gradual exposure to feared stimuli

Question 19

What are Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)?

Answer 19

Common pharmacological treatment for social anxiety and PTSD.

Question 20

What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Answer 20

Excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months.

Question 21

What are the symptoms associated with GAD?

Answer 21

• Restlessness
• Fatigue
• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability
• Muscle tension
• Sleep disturbance

Question 22

What is the prevalence of GAD?

Answer 22

4-7% in the general population, with a 2:1 female-to-male ratio.

Question 23

What are obsessions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

Answer 23

Persistent, intrusive thoughts, urges, or images causing anxiety.

Question 24

What are compulsions in OCD?

Answer 24

Repetitive behaviors performed to reduce distress.

Question 25

What is the cognitive model of OCD?

Answer 25

Intrusive thoughts are normal, but interpretation as threats leads to compulsive behaviors.

Question 26

What is Health Anxiety?

Answer 26

Misinterpreting bodily symptoms as signs of serious illness.

Question 27

What is Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?

Answer 27

Preoccupation with perceived physical defects not noticeable to others.

Question 28

What are the diagnostic criteria for Hoarding Disorder?

Answer 28

• Persistent difficulty discarding possessions
• Accumulation of possessions cluttering living areas
• Clinically significant distress or impairment in daily functioning

Question 29

What is the prevalence of Hoarding Disorder?

Answer 29

Affects 2-5% of the population.

Question 30

What are common comorbidities with Hoarding Disorder?

Answer 30

• OCD (17%)
• Major Depression (57%)
• Social Phobia (29%)
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (28%)

Question 31

What characterizes the cognitive model of Hoarding?

Answer 31

Difficulty discarding items due to exaggerated attachment and fear of losing potential future value.

Question 32

What percentage is associated with hoarding disorder according to Frost et al. (2006)?

Answer 32

28%

This percentage refers to the prevalence of hoarding disorder in a specific study.

Question 33

What is a fire hazard risk factor related to hoarding?

Answer 33

Clutter

According to the London Fire Brigade, clutter increases the risk of fire hazards.

Question 34

How does hoarding affect family emotional well-being?

Answer 34

Children report unhappiness and difficulty having friends

Emotional stress on families is a significant consequence of hoarding.

Question 35

What type of living conditions are often a result of hoarding?

Answer 35

Infestation and unhygienic living conditions

Hoarding can lead to severe hygiene issues and pest infestations.

Question 36

What is a significant physical risk associated with hoarding?

Answer 36

Risk of being crushed by hoarded items

The accumulation of items can create dangerous living environments.

Question 37

What is a key element of the Cognitive Model of Hoarding?

Answer 37

Difficulty discarding items due to exaggerated attachment

Fear of losing potential future value contributes to hoarding behaviors.

Question 38

How does clutter impact daily functioning according to the Cognitive Model of Hoarding?

Answer 38

Leads to distress and impaired daily functioning

The accumulation of items can overwhelm individuals, affecting their lives.

Question 39

What is the new diagnosis classification for hoarding disorder in DSM-V?

Answer 39

Recognized as its own disorder

Previously categorized under OCD, hoarding disorder is now classified separately.

Question 40

What therapeutic approach focuses on cognitive distortions related to possessions?

Answer 40

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

CBT addresses the thought patterns that contribute to hoarding.

Question 41

What is essential for effective treatment of hoarding disorder?

Answer 41

Multi-Agency Approach

Collaboration between various support services is crucial for addressing hoarding.

Question 42

What example illustrates a collaborative effort in treating hoarding disorder?

Answer 42

CADAT and local fire safety services

This collaboration aims to reduce fire risk in hoarding situations.

Question 43

What is a critical aspect of the decluttering process for clients?

Answer 43

The client should remain in control of the process

Clients decide what to discard while receiving supportive guidance.