Antiparasitic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

treats neurocysticercosis

A

albendazole

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2
Q

drug of choice for Schistosoma

A

praziquantel

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3
Q

kills taenia solium eggs

A

praziquantel

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4
Q

which malarial species stay in liver and liver schizonts?

A

P. vivax and P. ovale

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5
Q

chloroquine: what is it, mechanism, uses

A
  • blood schizonticide
  • inhibits heme polymerization, allowing heme to accumulate to toxic levels
  • prophylaxis for all 4 malarial species
  • eradicates P. malariae and P. falciparum, targets only blood schizonts of P. vivax and P. ovale
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6
Q

drugs that prevent and treat chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum?

A

blood schizonticides: mefloquine, atovaquone+proguanil, quinine, and doxycycline

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7
Q

treatment of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum and P. vivax

A

mefloquine

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8
Q

atovaquone+proguanil: mechanism

A

inhibit pyrimidine synthesis

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9
Q

what are the advantages of quinine over chloroquine?

A

quinine treats severe acute attacks and also treats chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

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10
Q

what are the side effects of quinine?

A
  • cinchoism: headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, tinnitus
  • cardiac effects similar to quinidine
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11
Q

treatment of multi-drug resistant P. falciparum

A

doxycycline

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12
Q

antimalarial that is is also antibacterial; mechanism

A

doxycycline, inhibits malarial protein synthesis

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13
Q

primaquine: use

A
  • kills liver hypnozoites
  • radical cure/terminal prophylaxis of P. vivax and P. ovale
  • should be used in conjunction with blood schizonticide
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14
Q

what drug kills liver hypnozoites and which malarial strains does this pertain to?

A

primaquine; P. vivax and P. ovale

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15
Q

giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole

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16
Q

drugs for Pneumosystic jiroveci (carinii)

A

TMP-SMX, clindamycin+primaquine, atovaquone, dapsone (anti-leprosy)

17
Q

praziquantel: uses (3)

A
  • drug of choice for Schistosoma (blood flukes)
  • good activity for some cestodes (tapeworms)
  • for taenia solium
18
Q

prophylaxis for chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum

A

atovaquone + proguanil

19
Q

albendazole: uses (2)

A
  • cutaneous larval migrans

- treats neurocysticercosis

20
Q

entamoeba histolytica

A

metronidazole