Antibacterial Drugs: Drug Classes Flashcards
what kind of killers are beta lactams? what does this mean? what does this imply for beta lactam administration?
- time-dependent
- work best when concentration exceeds 4x MIC for >50% of the time
- since beta lactams have short half-lives you need shorter dosing intervals
what kind of killers are quinolones? what does this mean?
area under the curve; killing is dependent on concentration x time
what kind of killers are aminoglycosides? what does this mean?
- concentration-dependent
- the most important property for killing is the peak concentration that is achieved (the higher the peak concenrtation the greater the kill)
- these drugs will have persistent effect even when levels fall below MIC
time-depedent killers
beta-lactams
concentration-dependent killers
aminoglycosides
area under the curve killers
quinolones
mechanism of quinolones, drug names
- inhibits DNA gyrase thereby inhibiting supercoiling
- norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin
mechanism of aminoglycosides, drug names
- transported into bacterial by energy-requiring aerobic process–>binds to 30S/50S interface–>inhibits protein synthesis
- gentamicin, tobramicin, amikacin
mechanism of tetracyclines, drug names
- bind to 30S subunit
- doxycycline, minocycline
mechanism of macrolides, drug names
- bind to 50S subunit, blocks translocation along ribosomes
- erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
what are norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin?
quinolones
what are clarithromycin, azithromycin?
macrolides
what are gentamicin, tobramicin, amikacin
aminoglycosides
what are doxycycline, minocycline?
tetracyclines
drug efflux pump is the most common resistance mechanism for what class of drugs?
tetracyclines
