Antineoplastic Drugs Flashcards
Mustard gas derviatives, ethylenimines, alkylsulfonates, nitrosureas, and metal salts are all examples of____?
Alkylating agents
What is the action of alkylating agents?
Attach to cancer DNA & prevent reproduction
What are the common side effects of alkylating agents?
N/V
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia
Alkylating agents are cell cycle ______.
Nonspecific
List 5 examples of alkylating agents.
Mustard gas derivatives Ethylenimines Alkylsulfonates Nitrosureas Metal salts
Folic acid antagonist
Pyrimidine antagonists
Purine antagonists
Adenosine deaminase inhibitors
All anti-metabolites
Cell cycle specific drugs
Action of anti-metabolite drugs
Disrupt cell metabolism
Side effects of anti-metabolites
N/V
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia
Uses of Anti-metabolites
Tx. Leukemia, breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancers
List 4 types of anti-metabolite drugs
Folic acid antagonist
Pyrimidine antagonist
Purine antagonist
Adenosine deaminase inhibitors
Adriamycin and mutamycin are examples of _____. They are cell cycle _______ drugs.
Examples of anti-tumor antibodies
They are cell cycle nonspecific
What is the use of anti-tumor antibodies?
Tx leukemia
Tx. Breast, lung, & colon cancer
What are the SE of anti-tumor antibodies?
N/v
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia
List two examples of anti-tumor antibodies
Adriamycin & mutamycin
List two examples of mitotic inhibitors (plant alkaloids)
Vinca alkyloids & antimicrotubules (toxanes)
Action of mitotic inhibitors/ plant alkyloids
Prevent cell division
SE of mitotic inhibitors
N/v
Peripheral neuropathy
Muscle weakness
Alopecia
Uses of mitotic inhibitors
Tx. Leukemia
Tx. Hodkin’s disease
Tx. Thyroid & brain tumors
Vinca Alkyloids and Antimicrotubules are examples of ____.
Mitotic inhibitors (plant alkaloids)
What are liposomal therapeutic drugs? How do they work?
Drugs that are packaged inside synthetic fat globules.
The fatty coating keeps drug in system longer and decreases SE
-tecan drugs
Topotecan & irinotecan are topoisomerase 1 drugs; they act on the S phase of the cell cycle to alter the shape of DNA & inhibit reproduction.
-poside drugs
Etoposide (Vepesid, V-16, etopophos) & Teniposide (vumon) are Topoisomerase 2 drugs; they act on the G2 phase
(2 acts on G2)
SE of topoisomerase 1 &2 drugs
N/v
Alopecia
LEUKOPENIA
BONE MARROW DEPRESSION
Nursing interventions for chemotherapy drugs
Monitor labs
Monitor for signs of bleeding
Monitor cardiac function (bp, rate, rhythm, CO)
Encourage small frequent meals (bland foods can help too)
Monitor I&Os
Monitor for vision changes
Admin pre- meds (antiemetics) 30-60 min before chemotherapy
Topoisomerase 1 drugs; action and give 2 examples
Topotecan & irinotecan
Act on S phase to alter SHAPE of DNA & inhibit reproduction
-nib drugs
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Erloinib & Gefitinib) aka taceva and iressa
These act on tumor and tumor vasculature
SE of tyrosine kinase drugs (aka Erloinib and Gefitinib)
Nv
Anorexia
Hemotypsis
GI bleed
What drug treats multiple myeloma?
Bortezomib (a protease inhibitor)
SE of protease inhibitors
Fatigue
Dizziness
HTN
Action of Bortezomib
Distrupts aspects of cellular structure & mitosis
List a protease inhibitor
Bortezomib
