Antineoplastic Drugs

Question 1

Mustard gas derviatives, ethylenimines, alkylsulfonates, nitrosureas, and metal salts are all examples of____?

Answer 1

Alkylating agents

Question 2

What is the action of alkylating agents?

Answer 2

Attach to cancer DNA & prevent reproduction

Question 3

What are the common side effects of alkylating agents?

Answer 3

N/V
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia

Question 4

Alkylating agents are cell cycle ______.

Answer 4

Nonspecific

Question 5

List 5 examples of alkylating agents.

Answer 5

Mustard gas derivatives
Ethylenimines
Alkylsulfonates
Nitrosureas
Metal salts

Question 6

Folic acid antagonist
Pyrimidine antagonists
Purine antagonists
Adenosine deaminase inhibitors

Answer 6

All anti-metabolites

Cell cycle specific drugs

Question 7

Action of anti-metabolite drugs

Answer 7

Disrupt cell metabolism

Question 8

Side effects of anti-metabolites

Answer 8

N/V
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia

Question 9

Uses of Anti-metabolites

Answer 9

Tx. Leukemia, breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancers

Question 10

List 4 types of anti-metabolite drugs

Answer 10

Folic acid antagonist
Pyrimidine antagonist
Purine antagonist
Adenosine deaminase inhibitors

Question 11

Adriamycin and mutamycin are examples of _____. They are cell cycle _______ drugs.

Answer 11

Examples of anti-tumor antibodies

They are cell cycle nonspecific

Question 12

What is the use of anti-tumor antibodies?

Answer 12

Tx leukemia

Tx. Breast, lung, & colon cancer

Question 13

What are the SE of anti-tumor antibodies?

Answer 13

N/v
Bone marrow suppression
Anemia
Alopecia

Question 14

List two examples of anti-tumor antibodies

Answer 14

Adriamycin & mutamycin

Question 15

List two examples of mitotic inhibitors (plant alkaloids)

Answer 15

Vinca alkyloids & antimicrotubules (toxanes)

Question 16

Action of mitotic inhibitors/ plant alkyloids

Answer 16

Prevent cell division

Question 17

SE of mitotic inhibitors

Answer 17

N/v
Peripheral neuropathy
Muscle weakness
Alopecia

Question 18

Uses of mitotic inhibitors

Answer 18

Tx. Leukemia
Tx. Hodkin’s disease
Tx. Thyroid & brain tumors

Question 19

Vinca Alkyloids and Antimicrotubules are examples of ____.

Answer 19

Mitotic inhibitors (plant alkaloids)

Question 20

What are liposomal therapeutic drugs? How do they work?

Answer 20

Drugs that are packaged inside synthetic fat globules.

The fatty coating keeps drug in system longer and decreases SE

Question 21

-tecan drugs

Answer 21

Topotecan & irinotecan are topoisomerase 1 drugs; they act on the S phase of the cell cycle to alter the shape of DNA & inhibit reproduction.

Question 22

-poside drugs

Answer 22

Etoposide (Vepesid, V-16, etopophos) & Teniposide (vumon) are Topoisomerase 2 drugs; they act on the G2 phase

(2 acts on G2)

Question 23

SE of topoisomerase 1 &2 drugs

Answer 23

N/v
Alopecia
LEUKOPENIA
BONE MARROW DEPRESSION

Question 24

Nursing interventions for chemotherapy drugs

Answer 24

Monitor labs
Monitor for signs of bleeding
Monitor cardiac function (bp, rate, rhythm, CO)
Encourage small frequent meals (bland foods can help too)
Monitor I&Os
Monitor for vision changes
Admin pre- meds (antiemetics) 30-60 min before chemotherapy

Question 25

Topoisomerase 1 drugs; action and give 2 examples

Answer 25

Topotecan & irinotecan

Act on S phase to alter SHAPE of DNA & inhibit reproduction

Question 26

-nib drugs

Answer 26

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Erloinib & Gefitinib) aka taceva and iressa
These act on tumor and tumor vasculature

Question 27

SE of tyrosine kinase drugs (aka Erloinib and Gefitinib)

Answer 27

Nv
Anorexia
Hemotypsis
GI bleed

Question 28

What drug treats multiple myeloma?

Answer 28

Bortezomib (a protease inhibitor)

Question 29

SE of protease inhibitors

Answer 29

Fatigue
Dizziness
HTN

Question 30

Action of Bortezomib

Answer 30

Distrupts aspects of cellular structure & mitosis

Question 31

List a protease inhibitor

Answer 31

Bortezomib