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ORGMED —> ANTIFUNGALS > Antimicrobials 7-8 > Flashcards

Antimicrobials 7-8 Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE 50S INHIBITORS

A

Macrolides
Lincosamides
Chloramphenicol

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2
Q

“methylated ervthromycin”

A

Clarithromycin

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3
Q

What are the macrolides drugs

A

Clarithromycin
Azithromycin
Roxithromycin
Erythromycin

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4
Q

prototype, produced from S. erythraeus,

A

Erythromycin

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5
Q

use: for the treatment of ulcers caused by H. pylori

A

Clarithromycin

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6
Q

potent enzyme inhibitors

A

Clarithromycin & Erythromycin

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7
Q

14-16-membered macrocyclic lactone ring

A

Macrolides

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8
Q

Other term of Erythromycin

A

Ilotycin

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9
Q

a prodrug which is more lipophilic >- longer duration of action

A

ethylsuccinate

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10
Q

A type of pneumonia caused by legionella pneumop

A

Legionnaire’s disease

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11
Q

sulfur-containing antibiotic

A

Lincosamides

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12
Q

lipid-soluble, acid-stable prodrug with better oral absorption

A

estolate

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13
Q

motilin agonist

A

Erythromycin

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14
Q

isolated from Streptomyces lincolnensis

A

Lincomycin

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15
Q

from Streptomyces venezuelae

A

Chloramphenicol

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16
Q

70S Inhibitor

A

Oxazolidinone antibacterial

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17
Q

idiosyncratic reaction unrelated to dose

A

aplastic anemia:

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18
Q

old DOC for typhoid fever

A

Chloramphenicol

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19
Q

A/E C. difficile-induced pseudomembranous colitis

A

Clindamycin

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20
Q

Lincosamides drugs

A

Lincomycin
Clindamycin

21
Q

DOC: VRSA

22
Q

chlorine-substituted derivative of lincomycin

A

Clindamycin

23
Q

rapidly absorbed and wel tolerated oraly but should not be administered with food and antacids

A

Azithromycin

24
Q

a 15-membered lactone ring with N-methyl group

A

Azithromycin

25
Q

Hydrate forms of azithromycin

A

dehydrate
monohydrate

26
Q

extensive tissue distribution - allows once a day dosing

A

Azithromycin

27
Q

weak enzyme inhibitor

A

Roxithromycin

28
Q

NOT an enzyme inhibitor

A

Azithromycin

29
Q

Brand name of hydrtae form of azithromycin

A
  • dehydrate (Zithromax®)
  • monohydrate (Azyth ®)
30
Q

Remedy of a bitter taste of clarithromycin

A

Addition of palmitic acid (prodrug)

31
Q

last-resort drug

32
Q

DOC: Legionnaire’s disease

A

Erythromycin

33
Q

patterned after nalidixic acid

A

Quinolones

34
Q

SAR of Quinolones: addition of groups greatly reduces or abolishes activity

35
Q

SAR of Quinolones: may be substituted with good effects

A

at 5, 6, 7, 8,

36
Q

SAR of Quinolones: small alkyl substitution provides greater potency

37
Q

SAR of Quinolones: increases antibacterial activity

A

At 6, + fluoroquinilines

38
Q

SAR of Quinolones: provides activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

At 7, + Piperacillin

39
Q

side effect is photosensitivity HIGHEST

A

Lomefloxacin

40
Q

side effect is photosensitivity LOWEST in Quinolones

A

Sparfloxacin

41
Q

DOC: prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin

42
Q

SAR: nitro a t 5 t position is essential for antibacterial activity

A

Nitrofurans

43
Q

What are the Nitrofurans Drugs

A

Nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurazone
Furazolidone

44
Q

used topically in burns

A

Nitrofurazone

45
Q

oral treatment used for bacterial and protozoal diarrhea

A

Furazolidone

46
Q

used topically in burns

A

Nitrofurazone

47
Q

inhibits DNA gyrase & Topoisomerase IV

A

MOA if quinolones

48
Q

Nucleus of quinolones

A

1,4 dihydro-4-oxo-3 pyridine carboxylic acid

49
Q

Retained G(-), G(+), and atypical bacteria activity: also has an activity against anaerobic bacteria

A

Trovafloxacin

ORGMED —> ANTIFUNGALS (7 decks)

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