Antimicrobials 3-4

Question 1

Old Cephalosporins

Answer 1

Cephalosporium acremonium

Question 2

Nucleus of cephalosporin:

Answer 2

7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA)

Question 3

• excellent agents for skin and soft tissue infections due to S. aureus and S. pyogenes

Answer 3

1st generation

Question 4

• more resistant to B-lactamases and better acid stability

Answer 4

Cephalosporin

Question 5

• DOC for many G(-) bacteria
• parenterally

Answer 5

3rd generation

Question 6

used for UTI in pregnant women

Answer 6

Cefalexin

Question 7

new DOC for typhoid fever

Answer 7

Ceftriaxone

Question 8

for the treatment of community -acquired pneumonia (CAP)

Answer 8

Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone

Question 9

• used for the treatment of nosocomial infections

Answer 9

4th generation

Question 10

• broad spectrum for multidrug-resistant bacteria, including P. aeruginosa

Answer 10

Carbapenems

Question 11

B-lactamase-resistant but is deactivated by renal dehydropeptidase-I (DHP)

Answer 11

Imipenem

Question 12

inhibits impenem degradation by dehydropeptidase

Answer 12

Addtion of Cilastatin

Question 13

active against MRSA and Pseudomonas

Answer 13

5th Generation

Question 14

greateractivityagainstG(+)cocci, Enterobacter, and Pseudomonas

Answer 14

4th generation

Question 15

What are the antipseudomonal cephalosporins (useful for pseudomonads):

Answer 15

Cefoperazone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Moxalactam

Question 16

be used to treat respiratory tract infections in IV form

Answer 16

Cefuroxime

Question 17

can be used to treat respiratory tract infections in PO form

Answer 17

Cefuroxime axetil

Question 18

• from Streptomyces cattleya

Answer 18

Thienamycin

Question 19

contributes to high protein binding and prolongs
the half-life of the drug in ertapenem

Answer 19

benzoic acid

Question 20

+ Cilastatin: inhibits impenem degradation by dehydropeptidase. Under what brand name

Answer 20

Tienam®

Question 21

inactive against G(+ and with moderate activity against a narrow group of G(-) bacteria, including P. aeruginosa

Answer 21

Monobactam

Question 22

therapeutically equivalent to impenem

Answer 22

Meropenem

Question 23

isolated from Chromobacterium violaceum

Answer 23

Aztreonam

Question 24

Also know as “Suicide Drugs”

Answer 24

B-Lactamase Inhibitors

Question 25

with very little to no antibacterial activity

Answer 25

B-Lactamase Inhibitors

Question 26

+piperacillin

Answer 26

Tazobactam

Question 27

Piperacillin + Tazobactam brand names

Answer 27

Tazocin®, Piptaz®, Zosyn®

Question 28

• from Streptomyces clavuligerus

Answer 28

Clavulanic acid

Question 29

Sulbactam + ampicillin brand name

Answer 29

Unasyn ®

Question 30

Clavulanic acid + amoxicillin =

Answer 30

Co-amoxiclav

Question 31

Co-amoxiclav brand name

Answer 31

Augmentin®

Question 32

• irreversibly bind to and inactivate B-lactamase or penicillinase

Answer 32

B-Lactamase Inhibitors

Question 33

Clavulanic acid + ticarcillin brand name

Answer 33

Timentin®

Question 34

What are the suicide drugs

Answer 34

Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

Question 35

Carbapenems drugs

Answer 35

Thienamycin
Meropenem
Imipenem
Ertapenem

Question 36

the first cephalosporin

Answer 36

Cephalosporin C